#Kurima Mbatata #FertilizerManagement #NutrientOptimization #CropYield #AgricultureBestPractices #SustainableFarming
Fertilizer Best Management Practice (BMP) yakakosha kuti uwane goho rembatatisi rakakwana, pundutso, uye raramo uku uchidzikisira mhedzisiro yakaipa. Iyo chaiyo sosi yezvinovaka muviri, inoshandiswa nechiyero chakakodzera, panguva yakakodzera, uye munzvimbo chaiyo inogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya goho rembatatisi. Chinyorwa ichi chinotarisa kukosha kwekutarisira kudya kwembatatisi, tichitarisa nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), uye potasium (K) - chikafu chikuru chinodiwa pakukura kwembatatisi.
Kukosha Kwekutarisira Kwakakodzera Kwekudya kunovaka muviri
Mbatatisi dzine midzi yakasarudzika inokura mukati mechikomo, ichidzikisira kugona kwadzo kunhonga chikafu mukati mevhu. Uyezve, mushure memazuva makumi matanhatu ekudyara, midzi yekuvandudza midzi inotanga kudzikira, ichienderana nepamusoro pechikafu chekudyara kwetuber bulking. Nokudaro, maitiro chaiwo efetiraiza anove akakosha kuzadzisa kudiwa kwechirimwa uye kuwana goho rakanyanya.
Nitrogen, Phosphorus, uye Potassium
Nitrogen (N): N inobata basa rakakosha mukusimudzira kubereka kwepamusoro, mhando dzechubhu. Zvakadaro, kupihwa kweN yakawandisa uye kusakwana kunogona kukanganisa simba rezvirimwa uye goho remachubhu. Kuchinja-chinja kwemazinga eN kunogona kutungamira kune misshapen machubhu, nzvimbo dzebrown, uye moyo isina nhanho. Yakawandisa N inonotsa tuberization, inononoka ganda uye tuber maturation, inowedzera maronda, uye inosimudzira ine miriwo yakawanda, inotapukirwa nezvirwere. Kuita manejimendi akakodzera N kwakakosha kudzivirira nyaya idzi.
Phosphorus (P): Yakakwana P yekupihwa yakakosha pakukura kwemidzi, kutumbuka, uye tuber set. Kusakwana P kunogona kukanganisa kukura kwembesa nekuumbwa kwechubhu, zvichikonzera kuti goho ridzikire. BMP yakakodzera inoita kuti pave neP yakakwana panguva yese yekukura kwechirimwa.
Potassium (K): K yakakosha pakukura kwechubhu, kudzora mvura, uye kudzivirira zvirwere. K inokwana K inosimudzira mbesa dzembatatisi dzine hutano uye dzakasimba, zvichiita kuti pave negoho rakanaka uye kunaka.
Fertilizer BMP yeNitrogen
Zvitubu: Nitrogen inotorwa kubva mufotereza, manyowa, manyowa, uye kuita mineralization yevhu. Fetereza yakajairika inosanganisira Urea, MAP, DAP, Ammonium sulfate, Calcium nitrate, Potassium nitrate, uye Magnesium nitrate. Kompositi yakadzokororwa organics, zvese mhuka uye chirimwa-zvakagadzirwa, zvinogona zvakare kushandiswa, asi yavo N inosiyana-siyana, izvo zvinoda kuongororwa nguva nenguva kune chaiyo mareti ekushandisa.
Nhamba: N miyero yekudyara inoenderana nevhu N carryover, mineralized ivhu N mumwaka wekukura, cultivar, kupera-kushandiswa, uye goho. Vemunharaunda agronomists kana vanachipangamazano vanogona kupa zano rakagadzirirwa zvinoenderana nekwako nharaunda uye hurongwa hwekugadzira.
Nguva uye Kuiswa: N inonyanya kukosha padanho rekukura 1, 3, ne4, nekudiwa kukuru muDanho 4. Sezvo chikamu chinodarika hafu yeN inodiwa yechirimwa ichidiwa mushure mekugadzirwa kwechirimwa, kukwirisa muchirimwa N kwakawanda kungave kuri madikanwa. Kuiswa kwakafanira, kungave pakudyara kana muchirimwa, kwakakosha kudzivirira kutambisa uye kudonha kupfuura nzvimbo yemidzi.
Kutarisira kudya kwakanaka, kunyanya kune nitrogen, phosphorus, uye potasium, kwakakosha pakuwana goho rembatatisi rakakwana uye mhando. Nekutevedzera manejimendi akanakisa, varimi vanogona kuvandudza goho rezvirimwa, pundutso, uye kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza. Kugara uchiongorora ivhu nematishu, pamwe chete nezano renyanzvi, zvinobatsira kunzwisisa zviri nani zvinodiwa nembesa uye kubudirira kurimwa kwembatatisi.
Source: Varimi veMbatatisi veAustralia