#PotatoExpo #Agriculture #SustainableFarming #RuralDevelopment #InternationalTrade #Agronomy #CropScience #Agribusiness #CulturalTourism #FoodSecurity #China Agriculture
Gourmet inspector weChina Food 365 Network akadzidza kubva kumukuru uyu kuti Agricultural Trade Promotion Center yeBazi rezvekurima neRural Affairs yePeople's Republic of China ichaita 13th China International Potato Industry Expo muTengzhou, Shandong Province kubva Gumiguru 23 kusvika 25, 2023.
The 13th China International Potato Indasitiri Expo (inozonzi "Potato Expo") inoshandisa mirairo yakakosha yeMunyori Mukuru Xi Jinping pa "pfungwa huru yechikafu", inotora nzira yekuratidzira yemunda kekutanga, inobatanidza kurima kwemazuva ano, hunhu hwetsika. kushanya, tsika dzedunhu, etc. Element, zvinoenderana nezvinangwa zvekudyidzana nedzimwe nyika, hunyanzvi, kushambadzira, ruzivo, uye branding, inosimbisa kushandira pamwe nemasangano eindasitiri nemasangano ehunyanzvi, uye inokoka vatengi vemhando yepamusoro uye vanogovera kuti vatore chikamu mumusangano kuburikidza nemusika. -Oriental operations, vachiedza kugadzira imwe chete kuratidzwa muAsia. Chiratidzo chikuru chemunda wezvirimwa. Chinangwa chechiratidziro ichi ndechekuvaka nzvimbo yekutsinhana yepasi rose yeindasitiri yembatatisi, kuwedzera mazambiringa eindasitiri yembatatisi yemuno, kuvaka indasitiri yembatatisi yakazara, kusimudzira kusimudzira indasitiri yembatatisi, kukurudzira kusimudzirwa kwekumaruwa, uye kubudirira. common prosperity.
Chinangwa chechiratidziro ichi ndechekuvaka nzvimbo yekuchinjana yepasi rose yeindasitiri yembatatisi, kuwedzera hupamhi hweindasitiri yembatatisi yeTengzhou, kumisa indasitiri yeTengzhou se "Hometown yeMbatatisi muChina", kuvaka indasitiri yembatatisi yakazara, kusimudzira indasitiri yembatatisi. kuvandudzwa kwemhando yeindasitiri yembatatisi, kusimudzira kusimudzirwa kwekumaruwa, uye kuwana budiriro yeCommon.
Chinangwa ndechekuita Tengzhou, guta rakanaka muChina uye yemazuva ano Tengzhou, inova nzvimbo yeiyi International Potato Expo, ive mhepo yeindasitiri yembatatisi munzvimbo yeChina yechipiri yekurima, uye zvakare mutungamiri webhandi rekudyara mbatatisi pasi rose. pa 35° north latitude. Iva nzvimbo yekuratidzira yekumutsiridza kumaruwa muChina. Ndiyo yekutanga dish brand yeChinese mbatatisi. SeChinese gourmet 365 gourmet inspector: Ini ndichakuudza nyaya yembatatisi.
Mbatata, chirimwa chaiita sechinhu chakajairika, chakasarudzwa se "zvirimwa zvine simba" neFrance mumireniyamu itsva nekuda kwekuwana kwakawanda kwekudya kwezviyo, miriwo, uye michero, uye chokwadi chekuti vanhu vanopfuura bhiriyoni imwe pasi rose vakazvidya sezvokudya zvechikafu kwemakore mazhinji. Chimwe chezviitiko gumi zvepamusoro mukufambira mberi kwebudiriro yevanhu mumakore 1 apfuura”. nyika yangu ndeimwe yenyika dzine zviwanikwa zvembatatisi zvakapfuma pasirese, uye nzvimbo yekudyara nekubuda kwembatatisi nembatatisi iri pekutanga pasirese. Kuti tisimudzire kusimukira kweindasitiri yembatatisi uye nekuita basa rakanaka reindasitiri yembatatisi mukusimudzira budiriro yekurima yenyika yangu, kuwedzera mari yevarimi, uye nekuona kuchengetedzwa kwechikafu munyika, Agricultural Trade Promotion Center yeBazi rezvekurima yakaita. iyo China International Potato Industry Expo kwemakore gumi nematatu akatevedzana kubvira 1000. (inonzi "Potato Expo").
Musi waGumiguru 23-25 gore rino, 13th "International Potato Expo" yakagara zvakare muTengzhou City, Zaozhuang City, Shandong Province, ichikwezva vanopfuura 100 varatidziri vanobva kunyika dze9 kusanganisira Netherlands, United States, uye Canada kuti vatore chikamu mu kuratidzwa. Zvigadzirwa zvemazuva ano uye matekinoroji mukutsvagisa kwesainzi, kugadzira, kugadzira, kuchengetedza, kufambisa, uye kutengesa zvirimwa zvembatatisi zvakaita sembatatisi, mbatatisi, mufarinya, uye mayam. Tichitarisa pakuitwa kweMunyori Mukuru Xi Jinping "pfungwa huru yechikafu", danho re "kuita pfungwa huru yechikafu uye kusimudzira budiriro yakajairika yevanhu" yakapihwa pamupiro wembatatisi mukuderedza urombo hwevanhu uye budiriro.
Kuti tibatane neyakagadzirwa chikafu chembatatisi uye chirongwa chekusimudzira maindasitiri, gore rino "Mbatatisi Expo" yakanyatso kumisa nzvimbo yakanaka uye kicheni chekudya chembatatisi kusimudzira chikafu chikuru chembatatisi nendiro kuburikidza nekuratidzira panzvimbo, kuravira kunopindirana, uye kusarudzwa kwezvinonaka zvembatatisi. Munguva imwe chete yezviratidziro, zviitiko zvakadai se "Potato Industry Development Forum", "China-Netherlands Potato Storage uye Processing Technology Docking Event", "Asia-Pacific Potato Mechanisation Forum" nemamwe mabasa akaitwa. Kuburikidza nesevhisi emhando yepamusoro-soro, "Potato Expo" yakavaka chikuva chekutaura chakasimba chekusimudzira kudyidzana nedzimwe nyika muindasitiri yembatatisi, kusimudzira kusimudzira kwakanaka kweindasitiri yembatatisi yenyika yangu, uye kuongorora kusimukira kweindasitiri yechikafu chembatatisi. . Wu Qi, mudzidzi weChinese Academy of Sciences, Huang Sanwen, purezidhendi weChinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Jin Liping, mutungamiri wePotato Professional Committee yeChinese Crop Society, nyanzvi dzepasi rose dzakakokwa neInternational Potato Center, uye nhengo. yeNational Potato Indasitiri Technology Innovation Alliance.
Mbatata zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinogona kubikwa, kubikwa, kubikwa, zvakadzika-zvakakangwa, zvakakangwa, zvakabikwa, zvakabikwa, zvakabikwa, kana "kuzvikudza". Kubva Bazi rezvekurima rakatanga chirongwa che "mbatatisi chikafu chekusimudzira chikafu" mukutanga kwegore rapfuura, vanhu veChinese zvishoma nezvishoma vakaziva zvakanakira hutano hwavo, uye vakashandisa hungwaru hwavo kushandisa nzira dzekubika dzechiChinese kugadzira zvinonaka zvembatatisi. Tichitarisa kubva pachiitiko, zvisinei nemanyorerwo kana kuravira, zvinoshamisa sekuchinja kweSun Monkey makumi manomwe nembiri.
Komiti Inoronga yePotato Expo yakanyatsoronga kuunganidzwa kwenyika kwe "China's 100 Potato Foods" hafu yegore yapfuura. Iyo "Potato Gourmet Kitchen", yakarongwa uye yakarongwa neAiquanshu Brand Management Company, yakaratidza mibairo yekuunganidza paPotato Expo. Zvokudya zvembatatisi zvakasiyana-siyana zvakabva kumativi mana enyika zvakakanganisa tsika dzemutori wenhau dzemadyiro embatatisi. Kunyanya, kuratidzira kwepa-saiti kugadzirisa uye kugadzira zvinonaka zvembatatisi munzvimbo yepakati yekuratidzira haingobvumire veruzhinji kuti vatarise uye kuona kuri kutenda, asi zvakare kunobvumira veruzhinji kuravira nemiromo yavo uye kunzwa runako rwembatatisi dzinonaka nemuromo wendimi dzavo. Rongedza vaenzi kuti vaone uye vaongorore maindasitiri enzvimbo, tsika dzechinyakare, uye chimiro chitsva chemumaruwa.
Ngatitarisei zvakanyanya kuti ndezvipi zvekudya zvinonaka zvakakugadzirirwa iwe "Mbatatisi Gourmet Kitchen": mabhanzi akabikwa mbatatisi, mabhisikiti embatatisi, mabhisikiti embatatisi. muto… Ingori “Mabiko eManchu” munyika yembatatisi. Chinhu chinonyanya kushamisa ndeye kaviri-layer mbatatisi keke ine dhayamita yemamita maviri, uye akasiyana maumbirwo akagadzirwa nembatatisi yekuona.
Munguva yekukumbira kwe "100 Potato Delicacy", mabhizinesi mazhinji airatidza zvigadzirwa zvavo zvakanakisa. Kugadzirwa kwakakura kwehupfu hwembatatisi yakabikwa nemafuta uye maruva rolls yakatangwa neNew East Valley yakapfuma muvhitamini, zvicherwa uye zvimwe zvinovaka muviri; chinwiwa chembatatisi chakapihwa neXisen Group chinochengetedza hupfumi hwemhando yepamusoro yepepuru mbatatisi kusvika pamwero mukuru. Zvinhu zvakadai seanthocyanins uye polyphenols; kune zvakare "Fangshan Fried Evil" kubva kuShanxi, iyo inobatanidza tsika yedunhu chikafu mune zvinonaka zvembatatisi, zvinobata maziso; Beijing mbatatisi chef Zhang Aiguo akaunza snacks dzakasiyana-siyana dzeMbatatisi, achishandisa tekinoroji yekubika kugadzira mabhisikiti embatatisi anodiridza nemuromo; kunewo muto mutsva wembatatisi wakasvinwa kubva mumbatatisi yepepuru, ine muto wakasiyana...Regai vatengi vanzwisise zviri nani kuti mbatatisi inokwanisa kugadzira zvinonaka zvakadaro, uyezve vanoda Kudya mamwe mbatatisi. “
United Nations inonyora mbatatisi sechimwe chezvikafu zvina zvakakosha munyika, kwete chete nekuti inonaka uye ine zvakawanda-siyana, asiwo nekuti yakapfuma mukudya, saka United Nations inoidaidza kuti "chikafu chakakwana". Maererano nenyanzvi dzezvekudya, mbatatisi dzine mavhitamini akakwana pakati pezvirimwa zvese zvekudya, uye zvirimo zvakaenzana nekarotsi zvakapetwa kaviri, katatu pane zveChinese cabbage, nekana zvematomatisi, uye nekana maapuro muB vitamin. . Kunyanya, mbatatisi ine carotene uye vhitamini C iyo isingawanikwe muzviyo zviyo. Iyo vhitamini C iri mumbatatisi inopeta ka10 iyo yemaapuro, uye inoshingirira kupisa.
Pamusoro pekuva nekudya kunovaka muviri, mbatatisi zvakare chirimwa chine zvinangwa zviviri zvezviyo, miriwo, chikafu, uye kugadzira. Vane kushanda kwakawanda, goho guru, kudya kunovaka muviri, uye hupfumi hwepamusoro, uye vane zvakanakira zvirimwa. Nekuti mbatatisi dzinoshandisa mvura yakawanda, chiedza, uye zviwanikwa zvevhu pachikamu chimwe chete uye inogadzira macalorie akawanda uye mapuroteni emhando yepamusoro kupfuura zvirimwa zvakajairika, anoonekwa seimwe yesarudzo dzakanakisa dzekutarisana nekukura kwehuwandu hwepasirese uye kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedza chikafu uye kudya kwakakwana. . Tichifunga nezvemhedzisiro yezvakatipoteredza, mbatatisi ine zvishoma pane zvakatipoteredza pane ese makuru ekudya zvirimwa. Zvinoenderana neruzivo rwakakodzera, nzvimbo yevhu inodiwa kugadzira kilogiramu imwe yebhinzi yakapetwa katatu pane yekugadzira kilogiramu imwe chete yembatatisi, uye nzvimbo yevhu inodiwa kugadzira kirogiramu imwe yemupunga yakapetwa kaviri pane yekugadzira kilogiramu imwe chete yembatatisi. Mbatata inoda mvura inenge hafu sebhinzi uye chidimbu chemupunga. Iyo kabhoni dhaidhirodhi kubuda kwembatatisi i30% yeiyo macaroni uye 18% yeiyo yemupunga. Kana goho rembatatisi richikwanisa kuramba richikura zvakafanana nekukura kwakaita zvimwe zvirimwa mumakore makumi maviri adarika, unenge usingaremedzi nharaunda.
Mukuwedzera, kusiyana kwemhando dzembatatisi ndeimwe mukana mukuru wayo. Sekureva kwehuwandu, bhanga renyika yangu rezviwanikwa zvembatatisi uye dzakasiyana siyana dzekudyara dzakachengetedza zvinopfuura zviuru zvishanu zviwanikwa zvegermplasms, dzakaongorora uye dzakaona zvinopfuura zviuru zviviri zvezviwanikwa zvegermplasm, uye nekuongorora dzakawanda dzisingaperi zvirwere, kusanaya kwemvura, chando uye zvemhando yepamusoro. zvekuberekesa zvinhu. Kuzivikanwa uye kuongororwa kwehunhu hwakakosha senge tuber quality, kuramba kwechirwere uye kusagadzikana kwekusagadzikana kwakasimbiswa.
China ndiyo imwe yenyika dzine zviwanikwa zvembatatisi zvakapfuma pasi rose. Kubva mbatatisi yakaunzwa kuChina nevatengesi vechiPutukezi makore mazana mana apfuura, zvishoma nezvishoma yave nhengo yakakosha yezvirimwa zvakasimwa zvakakura munyika yangu. Parizvino, China ndiyo inogadzira mbatatisi hombe pasi rose, uye kugadzirwa kwembatatisi kuri kuita 400% yepasi rose. Kwemakore, hurumende pamatanho ese munyika yangu dzakakoshesa kusimudzira indasitiri yembatatisi, vachiitora sedanho rakakosha rekuona kuchengetedzwa kwechikafu, kukurudzira kudzikisa hurombo nebudiriro, uye kuwedzera mari yevarimi. Parizvino, kurima mbatatisi kwapararira nenyika yese, nenzvimbo yekudyara inosvika 28 miriyoni mu, ichigadzira nzvimbo yekurima zvichienderana neyakasiyana zviwanikwa. Ichitungamirwa nekudiwa kwakasimba kwemusika uye nerutsigiro rwakasimba rwetekinoroji yekurima, indasitiri yembatatisi yeChina yakakurumidza kukura, cheni yemaindasitiri yakawedzerwa zvinobudirira, zvikamu zvezvigadzirwa zvawedzera kupfuma, uye simba rose remabhizinesi riri kuramba richiwedzera. Indasitiri’ iri kuita zvishoma nezvishoma kusimudzira kurima kwakanaka uye kuvaka kwemazuva ano kwekurima.”
Kunyangwe nzvimbo yembatatisi yenyika yangu uye zvinobuda zviri pekutanga pasirese, kugona kwemaindasitiri kuchiri kwakakura. Maererano nenhamba dzakaenzaniswa neFAO, goho rechibage nesoya bhinzi zvakapetwa kaviri mumakore 20 apfuura, uye mupunga wakakura ne40 muzana. Goho rembatatisi rakawedzera zvishoma, pa18%. Uye zvakare, mumakore achangopfuura, kudyiwa kwembatatisi yeChina kunosvika 42 kg / gore, iri pasi pehuwandu hwehuwandu hwehuwandu hwehuwandu hwenyika dzepasirese dzinodya mbatatisi. Panguva imwecheteyo, huwandu hwembatatisi nyowani inoshandiswa neindasitiri yemazuva ano yekugadziridza mbatatisi isingasviki 5% yezvakaburitswa munyika, uye nzvimbo yekugadzira yakakura. . Naizvozvo, indasitiri yembatatisi yenyika yangu ichine nzvimbo huru yekuvandudza.
Kuti tisimudzire kusimukira kwakasimba kweindasitiri yembatatisi yeChina, isu tinofanirwa kuwedzera huwandu hwemusika wembatatisi, uye kuita mukutsvagisa kwakakodzera kwesainzi uye kugadzira kwakavakirwa pamusika; isu tinofanirwa kusimbisa kwakasiyana siyana kuvaka kwehunyanzvi kunodiwa mukusimudzira maindasitiri, uye nekuvandudza zvizere tsvakiridzo yesainzi, kugadzirisa, kugadzira, uye kuchengetedza. uye kugona kwekutungamira; kushandisa zvizere zviwanikwa zveChina, uchiwedzera nzvimbo yekudyara mbatatisi, kuvandudza goho rembatatisi pachikamu chimwe chete, kumisikidza yakasimba indasitiri yekutsigira hurongwa hunodiwa mukusimudzira maindasitiri, uye kupa rutsigiro rwese kubva kumitemo, tekinoroji, mari nemisika. . Shumirai.
Nekuvandudza tekinoroji, iyo yese maindasitiri cheni yembatatisi kubva pakudyara kusvika pakugadzirisa uye kushandiswa munyika yangu iri kufambira mberi zvishoma nezvishoma, kunyanya indasitiri yekugadzira mbatatisi yakakurumidza kukura. Wang Wei, sachigaro wePotato Food Committee yeChina Chikafu Indasitiri Committee, akati kufambira mberi kwesainzi uye tekinoroji, kunyanya kusimudzira uye kushandisa matekinoroji ari kusimukira, kuchasimudzira kusimudzira tekinoroji yekupfuya mbatatisi, kudyara, kuchengetedza uye kutakura, kugadzirisa, kugadzirwa kwakachena, logistics, kugovera uye kushandiswa. . Hurumende yaita chirongwa cherubatsiro rwekutanga kugadzira zvigadzirwa zvekurima, uye zviuru makumi mana nezvishanu zvekuchengetedza mbatatisi zvakavakwa mumatunhu gumi nemana munyika yose, paine hutsva hwekuchengetera hunosvika matani 41,000 miriyoni. Kukwidziridzwa kwekuchengetwa kwembatatisi kwafambisa kusimudzira kwakabatana kwemaindasitiri ayo ekutanga, echipiri uye epamusoro.
Muchirimo, 480,000 mu mbatatisi dzechirimo muTengzhou City, Shandong Province yakatambira goho rakakura. Tichifamba tichipinda muLongyang Town, Tengzhou City, vacheki vakawanda vembatatisi vari kudzvova, vachibvisa madhaka, kurongedza, kutakura mabhegi, uye kurodha… Nhamba dzakabatikana dzevarimi vanoshanda muminda dzakavharirwa muminda, uye zviso zvemunhu wese zvinozadzwa neMufaro wekukohwa. “Mitengo yembatatisi yakanaka gore rino. Mambure mutengo wevhu uri pakati pe1.7 ne1.9 yuan. Avhareji yegoho pamu inosvika zviuru zvisere zvekatsi, uye avhareji yemari pamu inenge 8,000 12,000 yuan. Uye zvinhu zvacho zviri kushomeka.” Li Potato murimi anobva kuCongtiao Village, Longyang Town, Tengzhou Guta Yusheng akadaro.
Mumakore achangopfuura, Tengzhou Guta rakatarisana nekuita kweiyo nzira yekumutsiridza yekumaruwa, yakabata zvine hungwaru uye hunhu indasitiri yembatatisi, yakagadzira modhi yekusimudzira, yakawedzera uye yakawedzera ketani yemaindasitiri, yakakwenenzvera rudzi rwembatati yeTengzhou, uye kugadzira "yakavandudzwa vhezheni. ” yeindasitiri yembatatisi.
Longyang Town ndiyo nzvimbo huru yekugadzira mbatatisi muTengzhou. Nzvimbo yegore negore yekudyara mbatatisi muchirimo uye matsutso inosvika 56,000 mu, uye yakamisikidzwa nzvimbo yekugadzira inosvika 35,000 mu. %. 74.8% yevarimi muLongyang Town vari kuita kudyara mbatatisi, uye mari inoraswa yevagari vekumaruwa i23,090 yuan, iri 10.5% yakakwira kupfuura yeTengzhou City. Muna 2022, Longyang Town ichaverengerwa muchikamu chegumi nembiri chenyika "musha mumwe, chigadzirwa chimwe" kuratidzira maguta uye 2022 rondedzero yenyika yemataundi ane hunhu hwekumaruwa indasitiri inobuda inodarika bhiriyoni imwe yuan.
"Zvakaitwa nedhorobha redu nhasi hazvisi nekuda kwekudyara kwakazvipira kwekomiti yebato redhorobha nehurumende muindasitiri yezvekurima, asi zvakare nekuda kwekutonga kwakasimba kwemhando yembatatisi uye kuchengetedzeka nguva dzese, izvo zvave kucherechedzwa pamusika." Longyang Town, Tengzhou Guta Zvekurima Zvakakwana Cao Changgong, maneja wenzvimbo, akadaro.
Hunhu uye kuchengetedzeka kwezvigadzirwa zvekurima (7.220, -0.01, -0.14%) yagara iri "nzira yehupenyu" yeLongyang Town. Kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti mbatatisi inokwanisa kuzadzisa zviyero zvezvigadzirwa zvekurima zvisina kusvibiswa uye chikafu chakasvibirira, Longyang Town yakatanga nekusimbisa kusimudzira tekinoroji yekurima, kuderedza fetereza nekuwedzera kushanda nesimba, kuyedzwa kwevhu uye fetiraiza, mvura nekubatanidza fetiraiza. kushanda zvakanaka, kuderera kwehuturu uye mishonga yezvipembenene yakaderera, uye kudzivirira kwakabatana uye kudzora zvirwere netumbuyu. uye humwe hutekinoroji hwekugadzira girinhi huchasimudzirwa muguta rese, uye iyo yekurima chigadzirwa mhando uye kuchengetedzwa kwekutarisa system, musika wekutengesa, inotonhora cheni zvinhu uye zvimwe zvine chekuita nekuvaka zvinotsigira zvivakwa zvichakwidziridzwa kuti zvigadzire inoshamwaridzana yekurima muchina sevhisi inotsigirwa nekuyedzwa kwechigadzirwa chekurima, kuchengetedza michina, uye ruzivo masevhisi. Iva nechokwadi che "seamless yekubatanidza" pakati pekubuda uye kuwanikwa kwemusika kwezvigadzirwa zvekurima.
Kufamba muTengyang Selenium-yakafumisa Potato Professional Cooperative, iyo "Tengyang Selenium-yakafumiswa" pabhokisi rekurongedzera inonyanya kubata maziso. Sachigaro He Xingming akati achikurudzirwa uye nekutungamirwa nekomiti yebato redhorobha nehurumende, akatungamira vagari vemo kuvaka hwaro hwekutanga hwekugadzira mbatatisi selenium mudunhu reShandong muna 2009 uye vakagadzira "Tengyang Selenium-yakapfuma". Ikozvino mutengo wembatatisi dzakafumiswa neselenium wasvika kaviri kusvika katatu pane zvembatatisiwo zvawo, uye homwe dzevarimi vembatatisi dzemunharaunda dziri kuwedzera kukura.
Tichitarisa pakuvaka mhando, Longyang Town yaita chirongwa chinofambiswa nemhando zvakadzama. Mbatatisi dzedhorobha dzakawana zvitupa zvisere zvezvigadzirwa zvekurima zvisina kusvibiswa uye chikafu chakasvibira, nenzvimbo yakasimbiswa ye8 mu. "Tengzhou Potato" yakanyoreswa sechigadzirwa chechiratidzo chenzvimbo nebazi rezvekurima nekumaruwa rakanyoreswa China Geographical Indication Trademark. Iko kuwedzera kuve kwakatanhamara mhedzisiro yakavhurawo chiteshi chemusika chekutengesa kwepamusoro kwe "Tengzhou Potatoes". Parizvino, zvigadzirwa zvakagoverwa mumisika yakawanda inozivikanwa yenyika yakadai seBeijing Xinfadi neFrench Carrefour.
Kubudirira uye kusimukira kweindasitiri yembatatisi kunoratidza matanho akasimba akatorwa neTengzhou City mukusimudzira zvizere kumutsiridza kumaruwa uye kusimudzira budiriro yakafanana. Kuenderera mberi kwekubuda kwevazhinji vevarimi vehunyanzvi cooperatives, mabhizinesi ekuchengetera uye mafiriji, misika yekutengesa zvigadzirwa zvekurima, uye kutenga mbatatisi uye masangano epakati ekutengesa mbatatisi anoita basa rekugadzira mbatatisi nekutengesa kwakawedzerawo "chiedza chitsva chembatatisi" kuchinyorwa chikuru che. kumutsiridza kumaruwa. Varimi vembatatisi vari mushishi kukohwa, uye munda uri mushishi nekukohwa kukuru. Nekuenderera mberi kwekuvandudza tekinoroji yekudyara, kugadzirwa kwembatatisi yeTengzhou uye kukosha kwekubuda kuri kuwedzerawo gore negore, zvichiva "zai regoridhe" revagari vemo kuti vawedzere mari yavo uye vapfume.
Munzvimbo huru yekugadzira mbatatisi yeJiehe Town, Tengzhou Guta, apo mucheki akadzvova apfuura, mbatatisi yeyero uye yakatenderera yakapaza pasi imwe neimwe. Varimi vakanga vari mushishi kurongedza uye kutakura mbatatisi itsva munyika yose nokukurumidza. kwose kwose.
Liu Jun, mutevedzeri wameya weJiehe Town, Tengzhou Guta, akati yave nguva yekuti mbatatisi dzakafukidzwa nemafirimu akawanda aiswe pamusika. Vatengesi vanobva kumativi ese enyika vanoungana muJiehe, uye mutengo wekutenga mbatatisi dzemhando yepamusoro wasvika kupfuura 2 yuan pakati, vachiwana goho rakapetwa rekugadzirwa kwembatatisi uye mabhenefiti.
Nekubudirira kuri kuita mbatatisi akateedzana zvigadzirwa zvechikafu, hupfu hwembatatisi sechinhu chakabikwa huchasangana nekudiwa kukuru, izvo zvinosimudzira zvikuru kusimukira kweindasitiri yese yekugadzira hupfu. Ningxia Xihaigu Guolian Potato Indasitiri Co., Ltd. yakabudirira kugadzirwa kwehupfu hwekutanga kekutanga munyika, ichiunza hunyanzvi hwetekinoroji kuindasitiri yekugadzira poda. Sekureva kwaHuang Zhifu, maneja weGuolian Potato Viwanda Co., Ltd., hupfu hwese hunowanikwa nekupepeta nekuomesa mbatatisi nyowani, uye tekinoroji yayo yekugadzira nemidziyo yakaunzwa kubva kunze kwenyika pakati pemakore ekuma1990. Ingredients for fast food. Nekuti iyo yese yekugadzira hupfu inosanganisira kuomesa uye kubika, inonzi zvakare yakabikwa yakazara hupfu. Nekudaro, tembiricha yepamusoro inokonzeresa kuti starch iri mumbatatisi iite gelatinize uye inyunguduke, zvichikonzera kusabatana zvakanaka uye kugona kuvirisa kana uchigadzira zvigadzirwa zvechikafu. Panguva imwecheteyo, kuchine dambudziko reprotein oxidative browning. Pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu aya, Guolian Potato Industry Co., Ltd. yakagadzira uye yakagadzira nzira yekugadzira hupfu hwembatatisi mbishi, hunoti Fresh Potato Flour.
“Poda mbishi ine zvese zvinovaka muviri mumbatatisi itsva uye inochengetedza kutendeseka kwayo nebasa. Maitiro ekugadzira ayo akazara emuviri maitiro pasina chero zvinowedzera. Iyo yakaderera tembiricha mukuita kwese inovimbisa kuti zvikamu zvese uye masero embatatisi akachengetedzwa zvakare. Kuvimbika uye chikamu chiri pakati nepakati chemahara starch. " Huang Zhifu akataura kuti kana hupfu hwakabikwa hukashandiswa kugadzira zvigadzirwa zvechikafu, kusanganiswa kwehupfu uye kuvirisa kuri nani pane hupfu hwakabikwa hwakabikwa. “Gore rino, tichashanda pamwe nemamwe makambani kuisa tambo yehupfu ine matani 10,000 XNUMX pagore.
Nekuwedzera kwekukurumidza kwekudyidzana kwenyika dzepasirese, tekinoroji yepamberi yekugadzira mbatatisi uye michina uye zvigadzirwa zvitsva zvenyika dzakabudirira zviri kusimudzirwa kumusika weChina nekukurumidza. Ichavaka chikuva chakanaka chekusimudzira kusimudzira indasitiri yembatatisi yenyika yangu, kusimudzira shanduko dzepasi rose nekushandira pamwe, nekuwedzera musika wepasirese.
Iri panzvimbo yakakwirira ye3,800 metres mumakomo eAndes, "De Kaka" Lake (shanduro) nderimwe remadziva epamusoro-soro pasi rose, riri pamharadzano yePeru neBolivia. Iri ndiro guta rekumusha kwechimwe chezvirimwa zvakakosha zvekudya zvevanhu - mbatatisi. MaIndia ekare akatanga kudyiwa kwevanhu kwembatatisi pano.
Anenge makore 7,000 XNUMX apfuura, rudzi rwechiIndia rwakatama kubva kumabvazuva, rinova sango remhandara riri pedyo neAmazon River Basin, kuenda kuAlpine Andes kuitira kudzivirira kurwiswa kwezvipembenene zvine chepfu, mhuka dzesango nemamwe madzinza. Vakavaka musasa pedyo neRuwa rweLake, uko kwakawanikwa mbatatisi dzemusango ndokutanga kudyiwa.
Mapani akatenderedza Lake Kaka inzvimbo inoshomeka chikafu. Zvigadzirwa pano zvakatonyanya kushoma kupfuura masango emhandara ari pedyo neAmazon River Basin. Kuno mufarinya haukuri zvakanaka, chibage hachigoni kubereka zvakanaka, uye nzara inovamanikidza kutsvaka zvokudya zvitsva vachivhima.
Panguva iyi, chishamiso chakaonekwa. Vakawana rudzi rwechikafu chaimera pasi pevhu uye chaigona kudyiwa—machubhu embatatisi dzomusango. Mujinga meMakomo eAndes mune marudzi akawanda embatatisi dzomusango. Kubva ipapo zvichienda mberi, maIndia ekare akashandisa mbatatisi sezvokudya zvavo zvikuru.
Mbatata zvirimwa zvechubhu. Madzinde akavigwa muvhu akazvimba uye ane starch yakawanda, iyo inogona kupa simba rakapfuma rekudya kune vanodya. Hapana mubvunzo kuti kuwanikwa kutsva uku kwakaponesa maIndia ekare aive nenzara uye achinyadzisa panguva iyoyo. Vakavhenekera hupenyu hwavo kuti vabude.
Nekufamba kwenguva, hukama pakati pembatatisi nemaIndia ekare hwave huchiwedzera hukama. Maererano nengano yekare yakapiwa kusvikira nhasi, mbatatisi inoonekwa sechipo chinobva kuna Mwari kuvaIndia vanogara mumakomo enharaunda dzemakomo. Munzvimbo dzakapoteredzwa dzeKaka Lake, kudyara mbatatisi kuchiri chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha zvekurima. Pakati pezvibayiro uye mhemberero dzevanhu veko, mutambo wakakosha ndiwo Mutambo weMbatatisi.
Nhasi, makore anopfuura 7,000 gare gare, mbatatisi yakatumbuka pasi rose, uye nyika yangu yavewo nyika huru pasi rose inorimwa mbatatisi. Mbatata inodyarwa zvakanyanya munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana dzenyika yedu nekuda kwekuchinjika kwadzo, goho rakanaka, chikafu chakapfuma uye hupfumi hwepamusoro. Mbatatisi dzemhando dzembatatisi dzakaitwawo mudzimba nhanho nedanho kubva pambatatisi dzemusango dzepakutanga dzine muchetura mudiki, uye dzakasarudzwa dzikaiswa mumhando dzemhando yepamusoro dzine goho repamusoro uye dzinopesana nezvirwere.
Xiaonong achakuzivisa nhasi "Zhongshu No. 5" yakagadzirwa neboka raJin Liping, muongorori weVegetable and Flower Research Institute yeChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. Nyanzvi dzechikwata chemuongorori chaJin Liping dzakashanda zvakanyanya panguva yekuberekesa.
Zvinonzi "dema" rava chiratidzo cheboka rekutsvakurudza kwesayenzi. Munguva yekuberekesa nekusimudzira nguva, kuitira kuchengetedza nguva, Dr. Jin Liping nenhengo dzechikwata chake vanowanzoenda kumunda nechikafu chakaoma munzvimbo yegomo reGuyuan, vanodya zvishomanana mumunda masikati, vanogara pasi uye zorora kwechinguva usati waenderera mberi uchishanda. KumaXNUMX kana kuti XNUMX manheru, pandakadzokera kwandaigara, ndakanga ndisina kana nguva yekuzorora, asi ndakagadzirisa zvinhu usiku hwose.
Zvakashumwa kuti “zviso zvavo zvakanga zvasviba kupfuura mbatatisi. Pakushanda nevarimi, zvakanga zvakaoma kusiyanisa kuti ndiani aiva murimi uye kuti ndiani akanga ari chiremba”, uye “kupisa kwaJin Liping kwainyanya 'level'”.
Ngatibatanei nevarimi vadiki kuti tione kunaka kwakaita “Zhongshu Nha. 5” inorimwa nechikwata!
"Zhongshu 5" yakasarudzwa zvine hurongwa kubva kumwana we "Zhongshu 3" weVegetable uye Ruva Research Institute yeChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. Yakapasa Beijing Municipal Approval muna 2001, National Crop Variety Approval muna 2004, uye 2012. Yakapa mvumo yembeu dzembesa mudunhu reHubei.
Zhongshu Nhamba 5 rudzi rwekutanga-kukura rinogona kukohwa mazuva makumi matanhatu mushure mekubuda. Kuumbwa kwetuber kwekutanga, kuumbwa kwetuber, kuwedzera nekukurumidza, huwandu hwekutengesa machubhu, uye zvinhu zvakanaka zvetuber cubes. Kuravira uye kunaka kwechikafu chakakangwa zvakanaka, uye ruvara rwezvimedu zvakakangwa rwakareruka. Iyo yakaoma yemukati yembatatisi nyowani inenge 60%, iyo starch iri 19%, isina kuomeswa protein inokwana 13%, uye vhitamini C yemukati ndeye 2mg/20g nyowani mbatatisi.
Mabhenefiti akatanhamara eZhongshu 5 kukura kwekutanga, goho rakawanda, kuramba kunonoka blight, kukura kwakasimba kugona, kusanaya kwemvura uye kushivirira kwemvura nefetereza, uye kuchinjika kwakafara. Inokodzera nzvimbo dzekurima mbesa dzemwaka miviri uye nzvimbo dzekurima dzemwaka mumwe dzinenge dziine blight yakanyanya. Kudyara.
Inodyarwa muGuizhou neSichuan mapurovhinzi, ine fetireza shoma uye yakaderera. Zhongshu 5 inoshingirira kushaya mbereko uye yave chirimwa chikuru muQiandongnan, Qiannan, Chengdu Plain uye Western Sichuan Plateau.
Zhongshu Nhamba 5 ine nguva shoma ye dormancy uye yakakodzera kurima muvhuvhu. Matsutso ekurima mbatatisi munzvimbo yechipiri yekudyara yeCentral Plains uye Maodzanyemba kwaMaodzanyemba ari pamusika, inova mwaka wekunze wekutengesa musika wembatatisi. Nguva refu yekurara uye kunonoka kubuda kwemhando ndizvo zvinhu zvikuru zvinotadzisa goho rakawanda. Nguva yedormancy yeZhongshu Nhamba 5 ipfupi nemazuva gumi nemashanu pane yeFeiwu Ruita, uye yakakodzera kurima zvirimwa zvematsutso. Parizvino iri kushandiswa muSichuan, Guizhou, Hunan, Hubei, uye nechepakati nekumaodzanyemba kweHebei, uye yave iyo huru yechirimwa yechirimwa munharaunda.
Indoor inoculation yeZhongshu No. 5 yakaratidza kusamira kwechirimwa kunonoka blight uye hosha dzehutachiona sePVX, PVY nePLRV. Zvinobva zvapaza kuti mhando dzembeu dzinokurumidza kuibva hadzimirire kuvhuvhu, dzinozadza mukaha muChina, uye dzinokwanisa kurwisa zvakanyanya pane dzakafanana kumba nekune dzimwe nyika, uye inopa vabereki kuvandudzwa kwembeu dzinokurumidza kuibva mune ramangwana. .
Kwete izvozvo chete, asi goho reZhongshu Nhamba 5 zvakare rakanyanya kukwirira, kunyange kupfuura mamwe marudzi embatatisi anononoka kukura.
MuChangli County, Qinhuangdao City, Hebei Province, Zhongshu No. 5 ine goho guru re5,300 kilograms pamu, iyo inodarika 20% yakakwirira kupfuura mamwe marudzi. Muna 2015, marudzi makumi mashanu nenhatu emumba akadyarwa muWorld Potato Conference muChabei Management District, Hebei Province. Goho reZhongshu Nhamba 53 riri pachinhanho chechina, zvakaenzana ne5 kg pamu, iri pekutanga pakati pemhando dzinokurumidza kukura. Muna 3621.48 na2012, Zhejiang Lanxi High-Yield Creation yakawana goho repakati pe2014 kg pa2943.9 mu.
Kwezviuru zvemakore, kuburikidza nekunyatsosarudzwa uye kuberekesa kubva kuchizvarwa kuenda kune chimwe chizvarwa, kukura kwekudyara kwakapfumisa zvishoma nezvishoma matengu emuriwo evagari vemumaguta akawanda munyika. Kuunza zvikomborero zvakakura zvemagariro nehupfumi kuvanhu.
