Epitrix tuberis uye E. cucumeris zvipembenene zvikuru zvembatatisi muNorth America. E. tuberis inokonzeresa kukuvadzwa kwakanyanya nekuti kudya kwerukova kunogona kukonzera kukwira kwenyoka pamusoro pemachubhu pamwe nemakomba akadzika. Kukuvadzwa uku kunogona kuita kuti zvirimwa zvisatengeswe. Zvakasiyana, E. cucumeris zvinonyanya kukuvadza mashizha, uye kurasikirwa kwegoho kunogona kuitika kana vanhu vakuru vasvika pakusangana kwakanyanya. Muna 2004, mbatatisi tuber kukuvara maitiro E. tuberis yakaonekwa muPortugal. Muna 2008, kukanganisa kwakapararira uye kwakanyanya. E. cucumeris uye rudzi rusingazivikanwe, E. zvakafanana, zvakanyorwa mundima dzakakanganiswa. E. zvakafanana yakawanikwa kubva kuGalicia, Spain. E. zvakafanana inofungidzirwa kuti ndiyo inonyanya kukonzera kukuvara kwetuber muPortugal, asi zvinogoneka izvozvo E. cucumeris kana kuti zvisati zvaonekwa Epitrix marudzi ari kukonzera kukanganisa. Muna 2010, kuongororwa kwenjodzi yezvipembenene munzvimbo yeEuro-Medithera yakaratidza mafambiro evanhu vakuru nemapupa ane mhodzi kana ware mbatatisi uye ivhu rakabatana senzira dziri panjodzi huru yekupararira. Epitrix. Muna 2012, matanho ekukurumidzira eEU akabvumirana kuderedza njodzi yekumwe kusuma uye mwero wekupararira kwezvipembenene izvi.
Hupenyu kutenderera kwe Epitrix mhando dziri tupukanana pambatatisi dzakafanana. Vakuru vanodya pamusoro pevhu pamashizha, uye vakadzi vanokandira mazai pasi pemiti. Makonye anokura pasi pevhu, achidya midzi kana machubhu. Zvisinei, mhuka idzi dzinosiyana muhuwandu hwadzo, nzvimbo dzekudyisa uye kupindura kune mamiriro ekunze.
Mbatata, Mbatata, ndiye mukuru anonyanya kukosha we E. tuberis, E. cucumeris, E. zvakafanana uye E. subcrinita, uye zvose zvinozivikanwa kukuvadza, kana kuti zvakabatanidzwa nekukuvadza, mbatatisi tubers. Ivo vanozivikanwa kuti vanokwanisa kudya kune zvimwe zvirimwa zvinopisa solanaceous, nemakonye eimwe kana akawanda emarudzi aya achidya madomasi (Lycopersicon esculentum), aubergine (Solanum melongena), mhiripiri (capsicum spp.), fodya (Nicotiana fodya) nemasora ane solanaceous akadai datura stramonium uye Solanum nigrum. Vakuru vevana ava Epitrix spp. inogonawo kudya pane zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvirimwa; mhando imwe kana kupfuura yakanyorwa pashuga beet (beta vulgaris, bhinzi (Phaseolus spp.), sunflower (Helianthus annuus) uye cucumber (cucumis sativus). Kunyange zvakadaro E. hirtipennis inonyorwa muzvirimwa zvembatatisi, inonyanya kukosha sechipembenene chefodya uye aubergines.
Kukuvadzwa kweTuber kunokonzerwa nekudyisa kwerukova, kazhinji kuburitsa maronda epamusoro serpentine corky pa tuber surface. E. tuberis ndiyo inonyanya kukuvadza Epitrix mhando uye nguva dzose inokonzeresa kukuvadzwa kwakanyanya kwembatatisi machubhu kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero kweCanada uye kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero kweUnited States.Kukuvadzwa uku kunogona kuita kuti machubhu asatengeswe kune mamwe misika mitsva uko kutaridzika kwekushongedza kwemachubhu kuri kuwedzera kukosha. Inogona zvakare kuburitsa maburi akadzika mumachubhu, zvichitungamira mukurambwa kwekutakura nembatatisi processors. Kukuvadzwa uku kunopa mapindiro emabhakitiriya epathogenic, akadai sekuora kwakapfava, uye fungi, sekuora kwakaoma, zvichiita kuti machubhu asakodzere mbeu zvakare.
Kukuvadzwa kwakakonzerwa ne E. tuberis uye E. cucumeris kunenge kwanyanya kuipa kumucheto kweminda yembatatisi, kunyanya uko iri padyo nemunda usina kurimwa. Kusadzorwa kwevanhu ve E. cucumeris zvakakonzera kurasikirwa kwegoho kwe22-25% muzvirimwa zvembatatisi paPrince Edward Island, uye zvinogona kukonzera kurasikirwa kwegoho kunosvika 43% muCanada. Leptinotarsa decemlineata Iti uye E. cucumeris ndiwo akanyanya kuomesesa tumbuyu mbatatisi muManitoba.
Mufananidzo: EPPO (2024) EPPO Global Database. https://gd.eppo.int
Eyre, D. uye Giltrap, N. (2013), Epitrix flea beetles: kutyisidzira kutsva pakugadzirwa kwembatatisi muEurope. Pest. Manag. Sci, 69:3-6. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.3423
