Vanotsvagurudza kubva kukambani yekuberekesa Solynta uye Wageningen University & Tsvagurudzo vakaona, vakaumba uye vakaratidza iro rakakosha jeni rekuzvisarudzira mu diploid mbatatisi. Kuwanikwa uku kunoita kuti zvikwanisike kumera mbesa mbatatisi nemukume wavo.
ikozvino SLI gene ( S-locus inhibitor) yakaonekwa, vafudzi vanogona kushandisa masystem ekuberekesa akasanganiswa, vachiberekesa nekukurumidza uye zvakanyatsonaka kupfuura zvinogoneka nekuberekesa kwetsika Nekuda kweizvozvo, mhando nyowani dzakasimba uye dzinovaka muviri dzinogona kuunzwa kumusika nekukurumidza, izvo zvinoita kuti kurimwa kwembatatisi kugadzikane. Mhedzisiro yeiyo mamorekuru kuongororwa kwe sli yakaburitswa mumagazini yesainzi Nature Communications .
Genome mbatatisi yakaoma
Iyo mbatatisi ndicho chibage chinogadzirwa zvakanyanya pasi pegorosi nemupunga. Chirimwa ichi chiri kuramba chichiwedzera kukosha munyika dzichiri kusimukira nekuda kwehutano hwadzo. Asi zvinopesana nekusajairika kwayo, mbatatisi dzakasimwa ikozvino dzakasimwa dzine genome inoshamisa yakaoma. Izvi zvinoita kuti mbatatisi zvinyanye kunetseka kugadzirisa nehunhu hwekuberekesa. Pakati pekuyambuka kwekutanga kwemiti mbatatisi; uye kushambadzira kwekupedzisira mhando yekutengesa inogona kutora makore gumi kusvika gumi neshanu. Naizvozvo, kungo fambira mberi kune mwero kwakaitwa mumunda wekuberekana kwemajini pamusoro pezana ramakore rapfuura. Hunhu hunobatsira pakurwisa chirwere, kuchinjika kune inochinja mamiriro ekunze uye goho repamusoro.
Mbeu dzakauchikwa
Kubereka kweHybrid kunogona kuchinja izvi. Maitiro, ayo akapatsanuka nekushandurwa kwemajini, akatove nekukonzera kukurumidza kukurumidza kwezvirimwa; zvakaita sechibage, madomasi, mhunga, kabichi neshuga bhinzi. Uye zvinogona zvakare kubatsira kukurumidza kugadzira mhando nyowani dzematapiri; izvo zvinoenderana nemamiriro emunharaunda senge kusanaya kwemvura kana kunaya kwakanyanya. Imwe bhenefiti yakakura ndeyekuti mhando dzemazambatisi dzakasanganiswa dzinokura kubva pambeu pane yetsika yembeu mbatatisi. Mbeu zvakare haina chirwere uye inoda kuchengetedzwa kushoma kwemakemikari mushure mekudyara. Mbeu inogona zvakare kuchengetedzwa zviri nyore uye kuendeswa kune varimi vembatatisi, nekuti inotora nzvimbo shoma kwazvo kupfuura mhodzi dzembeu.
Kuberekesa mbatatisi
Kubereka yakasanganiswa mbatatisi kunoenderana nekuyambuka diploid mbatatisi. Sero rega rega rine maviri akazara seti echromosomes (imwe kubva kumubereki mumwe nemumwe) pane yedu mbatatisi yakarimwa. Iyo yakaoma genome iyo inoumbwa neane seti emakromosomes (tetraploid). Kusiyana nekuyambuka tetraploid mbatatisi, vese vana veyambuka diploid mbatatisi mukusanganiswa kwehybrid vane zvakafanana maitiro sevabereki vavo. Izvi zvinogonesa kukurumidza uye kwakanangana nekuberekesa.
"Kuti tishandise zvizere mikana yekuberekesa mbatatisi, takatanga taona, kuumbiridza uye kuratidza hunhu hwakakosha hwekuzvikwanisa mbatatisi, sli (S-locus inhibitor) ,, anotsanangura Professor of Plant Breeding Richard Visser weWageningen University & Research. (WUR). “Chinhu chakakosha pakuberekana kwemasanganiswa ndiko kugadzirisa hunhu hunodiwa hwemitsara miviri yevabereki nenzira yekuberekesa. Pamusoro pekushanduka-shanduka, zvirimwa zvakawanda, kusanganisira angangoita ese diploid mbatatisi mhando, zvakatadzisa kuberekana nekuzvidzivirira kubva pakuzviisa fetiraiza, kureva kusava zvinowirirana.
Kiyi gene sli gene
Izvi zvino zvinogona kukurirwa ne sli geni. Iko mukana wekuzvibata-wega mune diploid mbatatisi seizvi uyezve nenzvimbo yaro pane chromosome 12 yakanga yave ichizivikanwa kwenguva yakati, asi parizvino iyo geneti yekukodha hunhu iyi yakanga isingazivikanwe uye yakanga isati yakasarudzika uye ichizivikanwa. Kutenda kuongororwa kwegeneti uye genome kuteedzana, izvi zvave kuitika. Iyo sli geni nokudaro rine kiyi kukurumidza uye kunobatsira kubereka mbatatisi itsva. ”
Ernst-Jan Eggers, wezvechiberekero paSolynta, anotsanangura kuti: 'Kambani yedu yanga ichitoshandisa iyo sli gene nekuyambuka yega-isingaenderane diploid mitsara ine sli mupi wedzinza. Ndinovimba idzi nzwisiso nyowani ichabatsira zvakare kutsvaga misiyano mitsva yeiyo sli geni iyo inobatsira kusarudza yekunatsiridza kuravira, kushandiswa kwakanaka kwemvura, kusagadzikana kwezvirwere uye zvimwe hunhu hwakakosha munyika yedu inogara ichichinja. Neruzivo urwu, isu tinodzidzawo zvakawanda pamusoro pezvekusawirirana-maitiro. Izvi zvakakosha kubva pakuona kwakakosha kwesainzi uye zvinogona kupawo kukurudzira kwakakura kwekuuchikwa kwezvimwe zvirimwa kubva kumhuri imwechete sembatatisi, senge madomasi, aubergines uye mhiripiri. '
Zvemukati kutaurirana
Tsvagurudzo yeSolynta neWUR inotsanangurwa mumagazini yesainzi Nature Communications . Solynta uye WUR vanga vachishanda pamwe kwenguva yakati. Zvino zvavange vagadzirisa pamwe dambudziko rekusapindirana, vachatarisa kune dzimwe nyaya munzira yekuenda kumatatata inoda mishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene shoma uye inopokana nemhedzisiro yeshanduko yemamiriro ekunze.
