Globodera rostochiensis neGlobodera pallida (potato cyst nematodes, PCNs) inokonzera kurasikirwa kukuru solanum
tuberosum . Nzira huru yekupararira kwenematodes iyi kufamba kwevhu rakazara (semuenzaniso pamuchina wepapurazi, kunamatira kumachubhu). Infestation inoitika apo mudiki wechikamu chechipiri anochochonya kubva muzai uye achipinda mumudzi pedyo neinokura muromo nekubaya epidermal sero madziro, uyezve mukati sero madziro, nestylet yayo. Pakupedzisira inotanga kudya pamasero ari mu pericycle, cortex kana endodermis. Iyo nematode inokonzera kukura kwemidzi midzi uye kuputsika kwemadziro awo kuti iite huru, syncytial transfer cell. Iyi syncytium inopa kudya kune nematode. Mbatatisi inodyarwa ine midzi yakaderedzwa uye, nekuda kwekuderera kwekutora mvura, kufa kwechirimwa kunogona kuitika.
Pamusoro-pasi zviratidzo nekuda kwePCNs hazvina kujeka uye zvinowanzoenda zvisingaoneki.
Zviratidzo zvinosanganisa kusakura zvakanaka kwechirimwa, dzimwe nguva zvirimwa zvichiratidza kutsvuka, kusvava kana kufa kwemashizha; saizi ye tuber inodzikiswa uye midzi ine matavi akawandisa nevhu rakanamira pairi. Zvisinei, kune zvimwe zvikonzero zvakawanda zvezviratidzo izvi. Saka zvirimwa zvinofanirwa kusimudzwa kuti zvionekwe kana paine ma cysts nehadzi diki pamidzi, kana sampuli yevhu.
kutorwa kunoongororwa. Madzimai madiki nema cysts anongoonekwa neziso rakashama sediki chena, yero kana brown pini-misoro pamidzi. Kuonekwa nekusimudza zvirimwa kunongogoneka kwenguva pfupi sezvo vanhukadzi vanokura kuita macysts vobva varasika nyore pakusimudza, uye nzira iyi inotora nguva. Kuongororwa kwevhu saka ndiyo nzira yakanakisa yekuona kuvepo kwePCNs.
Kuzivikanwa kwe chibharumu kune nhanho yemhando yakavakirwa pane morphology inogona kuoma nekuda kwekucherechedzwa kusiyanisa kwehunhu hunokosha. Naizvozvo, kushandiswa kwemusanganiswa we cyst uye yechipiri-danho vechidiki maitiro anokurudzirwa kuti avimbike kuzivikanwa.
IPM nzira inodiwa kubata nePCN, kusanganisira:
- Sample ivhu kuona kuvepo kwePCN uye, kana yakasimbiswa, sarudza PCN mhando uye huwandu hwevanhu nekuti izvi zvinozopesvedzera kusarudzwa kwekutonga sarudzo.
- Wedzera kutenderera kuti uderedze PCN mazinga: kune PCN zvishandiso zvinoratidza kupindirana pakati pezvakasiyana, kutenderera kureba uye PCN huwandu.
- masimba volunteer (groundkeeper) mbatatisi
- Shandisa certified mhodzi mbatatisi, inogadzirwa pavhu rakaedzwa rusununguko kubva kuPCN
- Ita shuwa maitiro ehutsanana anodzikamisa kufamba kwevhu, kusanganisira kubva kumagiredhi
- Shandisa marudzi anopesana nemhando dzePCN dziripo
- Shandisa muteyo wekucheka uye biofumigants mukutenderera
- Shandisa nematicide
Mufananidzo: EPPO (2024) EPPO Global Database. https://gd.eppo.int
Chirevo: EPPO (2022), PM 7/40 (5) Globalbodera rostochiensis uye Globodera pallida. EPPO Nzombe, 52: 286-313. https://doi.org/10.1111/epp.12836
