URBANA, Ill. - Masayendisiti ari kuswedera padhuze nekutsvaga magene echirume mune waterhemp uye Palmer amaranth, maviri eanonetsa zvikuru masora ekurima muUS
Kutsvaga magene kunogona kugonesa nzira nyowani dzekudzora masora, ayo, munzvimbo zhinji, asisiri kupindura mishonga yesora.
"Dai tikaziva kuti ndeapi majini anodzora hunhurume uye taigona kuita kuti majeni aya awande mukati mehuwandu, chirimwa chega chega chiri mumunda chaizove chirume mushure memazera mashoma, uye zvichinzi, huwandu hwevanhu hwaizopunzika," anodaro Pat Tranel, purofesa uye anoshamwaridzana nemusoro. mu Dhipatimendi reZvirimwa Sayenzi panguva University of Illinois uye tungamira munyori pane chidzidzo mu Nyowani Phytologist.
Tranel nevamwe vake vaimbove vakaona mamorekuru mamaki anehukama nenzvimbo yemurume genomic. Pashure kuenzanisa masora echirume genomes kune ese ari maviri marudzi, ivo vaongorori vakakwanisa kushandisa iwo mamaki kusvika zero mukati munzvimbo yakasarudzika yemurume. Ikozvino, ivo vari mukati me120 kusvika ku150 magene ekutsvaga tarisiro yavo.
“Tine chivimbo chekuti mazhinji emajini kana zana emajini aya hapana zvaari kuita. Izvo zvinhu zvakangounganidzwa mudunhu remagenome, "Tranel anodaro. "Dai ndaizofungidzira, ndingangoti pamwe gumi vavo vari kuita chimwe chinhu chakakodzera."
Kuderedza pasi majini ane hukama nehurume mune aya masora kunogona kuve nehunhu hunobatsira pakudzora, asi chidzidzo ichi chinojekesawo chiitiko che dioecy - nhengo dzechirume nevakadzi pabonde pane vanhu vakaparadzana - kazhinji kazhinji. Iyo yakawanda mhuka ndeye dioecious, asi hazviwanzo mumiti. Zvinopfuura makumi mapfumbamwe kubva muzana zvezvirimwa zvine maruva zvine nhengo dzese dzebonde pamunhu mumwe chete, uye kazhinji mukati meruva rimwe chete.
Waterhemp uye Palmer amaranth, zvisinei, zvine dioecious.
Dioecy zvinoreva kuti hazvigoneke kuti simiti izviriritire; pachinzvimbo, magemeti echikadzi anofanirwa kuverengerwa nemukume wemurume kubva kune mumwe chirimwa. Icho chinhu chakanaka chekuona kusiyana kwemajini muhuwandu. Uye zvinogona kunge zvaita kuti waterhemp uye Palmer amaranth ibudirire pakunzvenga zvinokuvadza zvemishonga yakawanda yesora.
“Kusvika pari zvino, waterhemp nePalmer amaranth zvakashanduka kuramba mishonga yesora inotora nzira nomwe uye sere dzekuita, zvichiteerana. Dioecious kubereka kunoguma mune ese aya maitiro ekudzivirira akasanganiswa uye akaenzana mukati mevanhu. Kusanganiswa uku kwakatendera kuti mhando dzese dzemhando mbiri dzibatanidze mishonga inodzivirira mishonga yesora yakawanda, zvichisiya varimi vaine sarudzo shoma dzinoshanda dzemakwenzi, ”anodaro Tranel.
Kunzwisisa zvisingawanzoitika zve dioecy muzvirimwa kunogona kubatsira masayendisiti kubatanidza pamwe maitiro ekugara nhaka kubva kumubereki mumwe nemumwe, uye kuti vanzwisise kuti chinoshamisa chinoshanduka sei.
Kusiyana nemhuka, mune iyo dioecy inofungidzirwa kuti yakashanduka kamwe chete, vesaenzi vanofunga kuti dioecy mumiti yakashanduka kakawanda. Uye, sekudzidza kwaTranel, zvinoita kunge zvakashanduka zvakazvimiririra muhemphemp uye Palmer amaranth, mhando mbiri dzakabatana kwazvo.
“Ini handina kugadzirira kutaura kuti tinoziva chaizvo kuti vakashanduka zvakasiyana, asi ruzivo rwese rwatakawana runotsigira pfungwa iyi. Angori maviri e120-150 magene aive akafanana kune mamwe marudzi maviri, "Tranel anodaro.
Imwe yeavo vakagovana magene, Florigen, inobatsira zvirimwa kupindura kureba kwemasikati nekutanga kutumbuka. Tranel haasati aziva kuti ichaziva here chechikadzi chemaruva, asi anoshamisika kuti yakaratidza munzvimbo yechirume-yakatarwa Y nzvimbo kune ese marudzi.
"Hatizive zvechokwadi, asi pamwe zvine chekuita nevarume vanotumbuka pamberi pevakadzi. Izvo zvinogona kuve zvinobatsira kuvarume nekuti ipapo vanenge vachidurura mukume kana vakadzi vekutanga vagamuchira. Saka kana, chokwadi, Palmer uye waterhemp zvakanyatsochinja dioecy zvakasiyana, asi vese vakawana iri geni reFlorigen semukana wekusimba, iwoyo ungangodaro muenzaniso wakanaka wekushanduka-shanduka. ”
Tranel inotarisira kudzikisira pasi murume-akasarudzika Y mudunhu mune ese marudzi kunyangwe kutsaura magene anoona hunhu. Iko hakuna vimbiso yekugadziriswa kwemajini kunogadziridzwa kana iwo magene aonekwa - Tranel ingangoda kukwezva vemaindasitiri vanobatirana nazvo - asi kuve nechombo chakadai hakusi kure sezvazvaimboita.
Chinyorwa ichi, "Varume-vakasarudzika Y-chromosomal matunhu mu waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus) uye Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri), ”Rakabudiswa mu Nyowani Phytologist [DOI: 10.1111 / nph.17108]. Vanyori vanosanganisira Jacob Montgomery, Darci Giacomini, naPat Tranel weYunivhesiti yeIllinois, naDetlef Weigel weMax Planck Institute for Developmental Biology. Iyo purojekiti yakatsigirwa neiyo USDA National Institute of Chikafu uye Zvekurima uye iyo Max Planck Society.
Dhipatimendi reZvirimwa Sayenzi iri mu Koreji Yezvekurima, Mutengi uye Sayenzi Yemagariro panguva Illinois sora sainzi.