Nzvimbo chena dziri mumunda uyu wekuNorth Dakota hadzisi chando - inzvimbo dzine munyu wakanyanya, izvo zvinogona kukonzeresa goho rakaderera.
Kurima kunoda kushivirira kwepamusoro pakutamba nemasikirwo. Izvi ndezvechokwadi kunyanya kune vagadziri veNorth Dakota vakadai saMark Cheatley. Mune dzimwe nzvimbo, ivhu rake rinopa dambudziko rakati: sodicity inogadzira magadzirirwo emakemikari ayo, nekufamba kwenguva yakareba, anoita kuti matanda evhu riome, anonoke kufamba kwemvura yevhu, kuderedza kupinza kwemidzi uye, pakupedzisira, kukuvadza goho. “Papurazi redu, kutsvinya kwakatanga kuoneka munzvimbo dzine mvura zvachose,” Cheatley anotsanangura kudaro. “Takatanga kuona kuderera kwezvibereko mu‘mhete dzerufu’ idzi. Chii chaimbova nyika yedu inobereka zvakanyanya inotamburira kurima chero chinhu. "
Nei Munyu Uchioneka
Minyu uye sodium zvinowanzopinda muvhu kubva kuzvinhu zvevabereki (ivhu rinoumbwa kubva) uye kubuda kwemvura yepasi, anotsanangura Tom DeSutter, purofesa wesainzi yevhu kuNorth Dakota State University (NDSU). Kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva kwedunhu, munyu unobva kushale uye nekukwidzwa kwemvura kubva kuDakota Formation aquifer. Kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero kweNorth Dakota, ivo vanonyanya kubva kune sedimentary zvinhu.
“Kana ivhu riine sodium yakawandisa nemunyu wose, zvidimbu zvevhu zvevhu zvinodzingana,” anodaro DeSutter. “Munzvimbo dzechisikigo, nekufamba kwenguva zvidimbu zvevhu zvinenge zvaparadzirwa zvinofamba zvichidzika pasi pevhu uye zvinogadzira mbiru inogona kunetsa kuti midzi yezvirimwa ipinde mukati. Ivhu iri rinowanzova nekufamba kwakaderera kana rakanyorova. Ipapo dzinova dzakaoma kana dzaoma.
Kugadzirisa matambudziko aya, Cheatley akabatana neNDSU Extension kugadzirisa ivhu nekubatanidza flue gas desulfurization gypsum. Anoda kubata iyo 5% kusvika 15% yekota maeka anorimwa pasina chinokura. “Dambudziko riri kuramba richiwedzera, uye ndiri kutarisira kuona gypsum ichichinja maitiro,” anodaro.
Gypsum chigadzirwa chezvirimwa zvinopiswa nemarasha kumadokero kweNorth Dakota. Kana yaiswa muvhu, makemikari anotevedzana anoitika apo calcium “inoita sezambuko riri pakati pezvikamu zvevhu uye inoita kuti makemikari aunganidzwe,” anotsanangura kudaro Naeem Kalwar, nyanzvi yezveutano hwevhu weNDSU Extension, anga achibatsira Cheatley kugadzirisa ivhu rakaoma. "Izvo zvinoguma nekuvandudzwa kwevhu, nzvimbo yepore uye kupinda mumvura - kungotaura zvishoma zvikomborero."
Iyo Gypsum Inobatsira
Kushandiswa kwegypsum, pamwe chete nemamwe maitiro ehutano hwevhu senge zvirimwa zvekuvhara, zvakagadzirirwa kubatsira kurwisa ivhu re sodic uye zvakare kukurudzira hutano hwevhu hwese. Kuedza uku kune mukana wekuchengetedza varimi mudunhu mamirioni emadhora, kunyanya mukugadzirwa kwezvirimwa zviri panjodzi zvakanyanya sesoya, chibage, gorosi uye canola, Kalwar anodaro. Ari pachena kuti zvichatora makore kuti Cheatley nevavakidzani vake vaone mabhenefiti ezvigadzirwa nemaitiro ekuchengetedza avari kutora.
Papurazi raCheatley, Kalwar akakurudzira kuisa matani manomwe kusvika gumi egypsum paeka. Cheatley akatenga Chandler litter spreader kuti ishandiswe panzvimbo dze sodic uye inotenga gypsum inenge madhora mana patani kubva kune imwe nzvimbo muStanton, ND Chigadzirwa chacho chine "kufanana kweupfu hwakanyorova uye hahuparadziki zvakanaka kunze kwezvigadzirwa zvefetireza," Cheatley anonyora. Kana chigadzirwa chacho chaiswa, chinoshandiswa muvhu.
Nzira dzekurerutsa Sodicity
Mamwe maitiro anoitirwa kudzikisira sodicity ari pasi pekuongororwa kuNDSU Extension. Pakati pazvo kudyara uswa husingagari munyu munzvimbo dzine zvirimwa zvegore negore zvisingakuri. Varimi vanogona kuchengetedza pakati pemadhora makumi masere nemaviri nemakumi masere nenomwe paeka yekusadyara zvirimwa pano, Kalwar anodaro. Kunyange zvazvo varimi vachifanira kubhadhara mari yeuswa huri mberi, huchakura huri hwega mumwaka unotevera.
"Nekupa chakavanzika chemavara pamusoro pevhu, huswa husingaperi hunoderedza kubuda kwemvura, nepo, midzi iri kukura ichabatsira kudzika kwemvura yepasi pevhu uye kudzikamisa kukwira kwemusoro," Kalwar anonongedza. “Varimi vanogona kucheka huswa kana kufura huswa uhwu uye vanogona kuwana kamari pane kungorasikirwa nemari kumaeka anonetsa. "Kana ikatemwa panguva dzakakodzera, huswa uhwu hwakanaka kusvika pahuswa hwakanaka."
Maitiro Ekuvandudza Kubudirira muSaline uye Sodic Ivhu
Vanoda kusvika 15% yeminda yezvirimwa muNorth Dakota yakaderedza goho nekuda kwemunyu wevhu uye sodicity nyaya, pa North Dakota State University. Aya mazano anogona kupikisa dambudziko iri.
- Sample ivhu kuona munyu uye sodicity mazinga. Kana sodicity ikasimbiswa, funga kushandisa shanduko yevhu senge gypsum.
- Dyara mbesa dzinoshingirira munyu uripo. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira kudyara mbeu yekuvharisa zvichitevera tsanga diki kana zvimwe zvirimwa zvemwaka mupfupi.
- Kana mazinga emunyu akanyanya kukwira zvirimwa zvakaita sebhari nemapfunde, funga kudyara huswa husingapere husingagari munyu.
- Tarisa mazinga emunyu gore negore kuti uone kufambira mberi.
- Gadzira mutsetse we alfalfa buffer padivi pegoronga rinova panobva mvura inodyisa munyu.
- Funga nezve tile drainage kana zvichiita.
