Organic matter ndiyo kiyi yekuorera kwevhu rakanaka uye ivhu rakasimba pamamiriro ekunze. B3W, iyo inotungamira sevhisi yevhu riri nani uye kunaka kwemvura, yakaronga chikamu chekudzidza nemurimi Xavier Desmet kuti vatarise basa rekutenderedzwa kwezvirimwa uye kusanganisa fetiraiza..
Kubva kutanga kwema1990, iyo organic zvinhu zviri muFlemish zvekurima uye horticultural ivhu zvave kuderera. Dambudziko remamiriro ekunze rakaisa musoro wenyaya ye organic carbon muvhu rekurima pamusoro pechirongwa zvakare. Varimi vagara vachiziva kuti kuchengetedza zvirimwa zvavo muvhu, panofanirwa kunge paine zvirimwa zvinyoro zvakaringana zviri masara ezvirimwa kana kuti mafetireza.
Basa rekuchinjanisa zvirimwa uye manyowa egirinhi
Papurazi rake rakasanganiswa, Xavier Desmet inokura zvakasiyana zvirimwa zvinorimika zvakaita segorosi remuchando nembatatisi nemuriwo zveindasitiri zvakaita sebhinzi nemakarotsi. Uku kusanganiswa kwakakura kwezvirimwa kunoita kuti zvikwanise kuvimbisa kuwanikwa kwakagadzikana kweorganic matter paminda yake nekufamba kwemakore. Mushure mezvirimwa zvine zvakaderera organic zvinhu, senge mbatatisi, zvirimwa zvine yakakwira organic zvinhu, senge gorosi rechando, zvinogara zvichirimwa.
Manyowa egirinhi akakoshawo kuDesmet: “Semupfudze wegirinhi, tinosarudza musanganiswa umo maoat eJapan, yero mustard kana facelia inosanganiswa. Maodza eJapan ndiwo ari kunze nenzira yakanaka ane kabhoni inoshanda yematani 1.2 pahekita. Misanganiswa yakadai inoburitsa biomass yakawanda pamusoro nepasi pevhu kupfuura manyowa egirinhi mamwe chete. Nekuda kweizvozvo, zvese zviri zviviri kutora nitrogen kubva muvhu uye mupiro we organic matter muvhu zvichange zvakakwirira kudarika zvemupfudze mumwe wegirinhi.
Chinhu chakakosha chinomisa kuvarimi vemiriwo vazhinji ndechekuti vanoshanda munharaunda yerudzi rwechipiri kana 2 maererano nefotereza uye kuti vanofanira kushandisa nzvimbo yenitrogen yekushandisa papurazi ravo zvirimwa zvikuru. Ndicho chikonzero nei nitrogen isingachashandiswa kumapfudze akasvibira mushure megorosi remuchando kutanga kukura nekukura. “Zvisinei, kuti muve nevhu, mupfudze wegirini unodiwa kukura zvakanaka. Tsvagiridzo yesainzi kubva muna 3 inosimbisa chiitiko chaXavier uye inotaura kuti nitrogen yakaganhurwa (max. 2020 kg inoshanda N per ha) mushure megorosi yechando inobatsira pakukura kuri nani kwemupfudze wegirini uye nokudaro zvinotungamira kune yakakwirira organic zvinhu.
Semupfudze wegirinhi wezvirimwa zvanonoka, Desmet inosarudza humwe huswa uye zviyo, senge Italian ryegrass uye rye. Semwana anowanzo sarudza mbesa yechando mushure mechirimwa chikuru chinonzwa nitrate sembatatisi. Zvezviyo zvemuchando, chiyero chakaenzana chinofanirwa kukumbirwa kuti chiverenge chakananga kunzvimbo inotarirwa yezvirimwa zvekubatwa. Hazvisi nyore nguva dzose kuzadzisa zuva rakarongwa rekudyara zviri pamutemo, nekuda kwekuoma kwemamiriro ekukohwa kwechirimwa chikuru kana nekuda kwemamiriro ekunze. “Kumwe kusanduka kunobatsira kushanda zvakanaka pamwe nekusimukira kwendove yegirinhi kana chirimwa chevana,” anodaro Vandermoere.
Semupfudze wegirinhi wezvirimwa zvanonoka, Desmet inosarudza humwe huswa uye zviyo, senge Italian ryegrass uye rye. Semwana anowanzo sarudza mbesa yechando mushure mechirimwa chikuru chinonzwa nitrate sembatatisi. Zvezviyo zvemuchando, chiyero chakaenzana chinofanirwa kukumbirwa kuti chiverenge chakananga kunzvimbo inotarirwa yezvirimwa zvekubatwa. Hazvisi nyore nguva dzose kuzadzisa zuva rakarongwa rekudyara zviri pamutemo, nekuda kwekuoma kwemamiriro ekukohwa kwechirimwa chikuru kana nekuda kwemamiriro ekunze. “Kumwe kusanduka kunobatsira kushanda zvakanaka pamwe nekusimukira kwendove yegirinhi kana chirimwa chevana,” anodaro Vandermoere.
Basa rekuberekesa
Desmet anochengetawo mombe dzenyama. Anoisa mupfudze wepapurazi unobva kumombe dzenyama iyi paminda yake, uye kunyanya pazvirimwa zvine zvinhu zvakaderera, zvakaita sembatatisi neshuga beet. Nekukwirisa fetereza yayo nemupfudze wepapurazi, Desmet inogona kugara ichizadza zvakazara mukati meiyo organic zvinhu zvinopihwa kuchengetedza iwo organic matter. Iyo organic matter inopinza kubva mundove yakasimba yakakwira zvakapetwa katatu pane yeslurry.
Zvisinei, kushandiswa kwemupfudze wakasimba hakusi nguva dzose kunokwana kuvaka organic matter nekuda kwekudzikiswa kwenzvimbo yekutengesa nekuda kwefetiraiza zviyero zvephosphate. Imwe mukana wekuti vatariri veB3W vanoisa pamberi panguva ino yekutsinhana ndeye kushandiswa kwecompost yakasimbiswa. Vandermoere: “Pamusoro pazvo, manyowa aya anopa zvinhu zvinogara zviri muvhu zvinoshanda zvakanyanya pachikamu chimwe chete chenitrogen nephosphorus zvinenge zviripo pane mupfudze wakaoma uye matope.
Pamusoro pezvo, manyowa anosimbiswa ane 15 muzana chete yenitrogen inoshanda. Pamusoro pezvo, seyero yakasarudzika mumutemo wemupfudze, chete 50 muzana yehuwandu hwephosphorus inofanirwa kuverengerwa muchiyero chemupfudze. Semuyenzaniso, nekuisa matani makumi matatu ecompost yakasvibira pahekita, unoisa matani 30 eorganic carbon carbon pahekita, uchingoshandisa 3.3 chete.
