Kudyara zvirimwa zvakasvibirira zvemanyowa zvinopa zvakawanda zvakanaka. Manyowa akasvibirira anogona kushandiswa, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, kurwisa mamwe marudzi emaatodes. Paunenge uchisarudza musanganiswa wemanyowa akasvibira, gara uchifunga kuti zvimwe zvirimwa zvinogona kutambira zvinomera zvinokuvadza nematodes.
Zvirimwa zvakasvibirira zvinopa zvakawanda zvinobatsira. Imwe yeiyi kugona kudzora hosha dzevhu nematemu. Semuenzaniso, mamwe marudzi efurishi radish uye yero mustard anokwanisa kudzora biti cyst nematodes. Furawa radish inokwanisa kukanganisa hutachiona hwefodya hunopfuudzwa ne Paratrichodorus teres uye kuderedza huwandu hwevanhu midzi knot nematode Meloidogyne chitwoodi / fallax . Mudzi maronda nematodes Pratylenchus penetrans haigone kubereka pane oats echiJapan uye inodzvanywa nemhando dzemarigold, patula tagetes .
Kana maNematodes anokuvadza achitungamira mukukohwa uye / kana kurasikirwa kwehunhu, kana kusatenderwa kuvapo panguva yekurimwa kwezvinhu zvekuparadzira, usadyara manyowa akasvibira ayo matatodes anogona kuwanda. Iwe unonyatso batsira aya nematodes kuburikidza nechando. Kana manyowa akasvibira asiri chirimwa chinogashira, kuderera kwacho kwakaenzana nehuswa.
Musanganiswa wegreen
Kudyara musanganiswa wezvirimwa zvakasiyana zvemanyowa zvinopa mamwe mabhenefiti:
- Misanganiswa inowedzera kusiyana kwehupenyu hwevhu
- Misanganiswa inokura yakawanda midzi biomass
- Misanganiswa inowanzo kuve yakanyanya kusagadzikana
Sangano rinozivikanwa mumusanganiswa wezvirimwa zvakasvibirira, semuenzaniso, inokurumidza kumera mhando yemuchinjikwa (inodzvinyirira masora) ine huswa hwakasiyana siyana (mizhinji mizhinji, kudzvinyirira masora kudzvinyirira). Kana tsanga (mizhinji midzi) pamwe chete nenitrogen-inogadzira nyemba.
Shingairira chirimwa musanganiswa
Nepo misanganiswa iine mabhenefiti mazhinji, musanganiswa unogona kukuvadza kana chinangwa chiri chekudzora mamwe nematodes. Tsvagiridzo yakaitwa naWageningen UR inoratidza kuti musanganiswa unogona kuendesa kukuwedzera kumwe chete kwematodes semupfudze mumwe chete wegirini uri muti wakanaka wevatambi. Vatatu vatema manyowa dzakadyarwa pachivande nemudzi maronda nematodes Pratylenchus penetrans : MaJapan oats, Tagetes (marigold) uye musanganiswa wemanomwe manyowa manyoro. Zvimwe zvakachengetedzwawo zvisina kurara.
Chidzidzo ichi chakaratidza kuti iyo isiri-inomiririra simiti maJapan oats inokonzera kudonha kwakafanana kune nhema dema. Kuderera kunoshanda kwakayerwa mushure mekurimwa kweTagetes. Nekudaro, huwandu hwakakwira kwazvo hwakayerwa mumusanganiswa une musanganiswa weiyo inomiririra uye isiri-inomiririra miti ye P. mapenetrans . Izvi zvinoratidza kuti nematodes anonyatso tsvaga yavo inomiririra chirimwa uye anogona kuwedzera pairi (ona mufananidzo 1).
Ita sarudzo chaiyo
Misanganiswa nezvirimwa zvakasvibirira zvinopa zvakawanda zvakanaka, asi zvinogona zvakare kukonzera kuwanda kwakasimba kwematodes anokuvadza. Paunenge uchisarudza musanganiswa wegreen fetiraiza, saka zvakakosha kuti uzive mamiriro evhu. Zivai kuti ndeapi ma nematodes aripo uye gadziridzai manyowa akasvibira (musanganiswa) zvinoenderana. Kana musanganiswa ukasarudzwa, ita shuwa kuti unoziva kuti ndedzipi manyowa akasvibira ari kuitika uye kuti chinzvimbo chemuti wekutambira ndechei chematodes aripo. Tafura 1 inopa nzwisiso yeiyo inomiririra chimiro chemiti yakawanda inowanzo shandiswa manyowa akasvibira.
Nematode tsvagiridzo
Autumn inguva yakanaka yekuitisa nematode tsvagiridzo. MaEurofins Agro anoongorora matematodes anorarama achishandisa ongororo yeDNA, zvinoreva kuti matemba anogara achizivikanwa nemhando. Mukana wekutsvaga nematomatuta akanyanya kukuvadza wakanyanya mumatsutso. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti midzi knot nematodes (Meloidogyne) uye midzi lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus) inogona kuderera zvakanyanya muhuwandu munguva yechando. Nhamba dzakaderera muchirimo dzakanyanya kuoma kuratidza, asi dzinogona kuwanda nekukurumidza uye dzinokonzeresa matambudziko kana chirimwa chinogamuchirwa chiri kukura.
Tafura 1: Kupararira kwematodes pamanyowa egirini. Kwayaka: Aaltjesschem 2020
muzvinambiri
+ = kushambadzira kudiki, ++ = kupararira zvine mwero, +++ kupararira kwakasimba, - = kushomeka kushoma, o = kuderera kwechisikigo. R = rudzi runotsamira, i = ruzivo rwushoma = hazvizivikanwe
M. chtiwoodi | M. fallax | P. mapenetrans | |
---|---|---|---|
Rudzi rwevhu | Ivhu rejecha nemupata | Sand | Jecha, ivhu remupata uye nevhu jecha |
Alexandra clover | +++ | +++ | +++ |
Fudhi radish | -R | ++ R | +++ |
Perennial ryegrass | + | +++ | ++ |
facelia | + | +++ | +++ |
Italian ryegrass | +++ | +++ | +++ |
MaJapan oats | +++ | i | O |
Persian oats | +++ | +++ | +++ i |
Mutsvuku mutsvuku | ? | ? | ? |
Rye | +++ | ++ | ++ |
Sudan huswa | ? | + | +++ |
Vetch | +R | +++ | +++ |
Chena clover | ++ Ri | ++ Ri | +++ |