Kuwedzera kwetyisidziro yekurwisa utachiona kwaita kuti vaongorori vatsvage makomboni matsva kwese kwese. Svondo rino mu mBio, boka revatsvakurudzi vemarudzi akawanda muEurope rinoshuma kuwanikwa kwomushonga unorwisa fungal unonzi solanimycin. Mushonga wacho, wakatanga waparadzaniswa nebhakitiriya repathogenic rinokanganisa mbatatisi, rinoita serakagadzirwa nehupamhi hwemabhakitiriya epathogenic bacteria.
Solanimycin inopesana nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzefungi dzinozivikanwa kukanganisa uye kukanganisa zvirimwa zvekurima, maererano nevatsvakurudzi. Muzvidzidzo zveLab, komboni yacho yakaitawo zvinopesana Candida albicans, fungus inowanzoitika mumuviri asi inogona kukonzera zvirwere zvine ngozi. Mhedzisiro yacho inoratidza kuti solanimycin, uye makomisheni ane hukama, anogona kubatsira mune zvese zvekurima uye zvekiriniki.
Mishonga yevhu, kunyanya kubva kuActinobacteria phylum, inogadzira mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya yakawanda inoshandiswa nhasi. Kuwanikwa kutsva uku kunoratidza kuti hutachiona hwezvirimwa hunofanirwa kunyatsotariswa, kunyanya sezvo zvirimwa zvichikura kuramba marapirwo aripo, anodaro nyanzvi yezvipenyu Rita Monson, Ph.D., kuYunivhesiti yeCambridge. Akatungamira chidzidzo ichi naMiguel Matilla, Ph.D. anoona nezvechidzidzo chemolecular microbiologist, paSpanish Research Council's Estación Experimental del Zaidín, muGranada.
"Tinofanirwa kutarisa zvakanyanya kune huwandu hwakawanda hwehutachiona huripo kwatiri," Monson akadaro.
Iyo pathogenic potato bhakitiriya Dickeya solani, iyo inogadzira solanimycin, yakatanga kuzivikanwa makore anopfuura 15 apfuura. Vatsvagiri vari murabhoritari yemolecular microbiologist George Salmond, Ph.D., paUniversity yeCambridge, vakatanga kuferefeta kugona kwayo kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya makore gumi apfuura.
"Matanho aya akabuda nekukurumidza, uye zvino ave kuparadzirwa zvakanyanya," akadaro Matilla.
Solanimycin harisi rekutanga remishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kuwanikwa kubva kuhutachiona. Mubasa rakapfuura, vaongorori vakawana izvozvo D.solani inogadzira mushonga unorwisa mabhakitiriya unonzi oocydin A, unoshanda zvakanyanya kurwisa hosha dzakawanda dzezvirimwa.
Izvo zvakambowanikwa zvakawanikwa, pamwe nekuongororwa kweiyo genome yebhakitiriya, yakaratidza kuti inogona kugadzira mamwe maantifungal, akadaro Matilla, zvakare ane antifungal mukana. Zano iroro rakabhadhara: Matilla, Monson, Salmond nevamwe vavo vakaona kuti pavakanyararidza majini aikonzera kugadzirwa kweoocydin A, utachiona hwakaramba huchitaridza kuita antifungal.
Kucherechedza ikoko kwakatungamirira pakuzivikanwa kwe solanimycin uye kuzivikanwa kwemasumbu ejini anokonzera mapuroteni anoita musanganiswa.
Vatsvakurudzi vakawana kuti bhakitiriya rinoshandisa musanganiswa zvishoma, richiigadzira mukupindura kusimba kwesero. Iyo acidic pH nharaunda - sezviripo mumbatatisi - zvakare inomutsa solanimycin gene cluster. Monson akati inoita senge yakangwara nzira yekudzivirira.
“Mushonga unorwisa fungal watinotenda kuti uchashanda nekuuraya vakwikwidzi vefangasi, uye utachiona hunobatsira zvikuru kubva pane izvi,” akadaro Monson. "Asi haubatike kunze kwekunge uri mumbatatisi."
Monson akati vatsvakurudzi vatanga kushanda pamwe chete nevekemesitiri kuti vadzidze zvakawanda pamusoro pechimiro chemolecular ye solanimycin uye kunzwisisa zviri nani kuti inoshanda sei. Zvadaro, iye naMatilla vakati vanotarisira kuona kuenderera mberi kuyedzwa kwekomboni mumhando dzezvirimwa nemhuka.
"Matanho edu emangwana akatarisana nekuedza kushandisa iyi antibiotic antifungal kudzivirira chirimwa," akadaro Matilla. Chikwata chekutsvagisa chinoona kuwanikwa sechiratidzo chinokurudzira chinodyara hutachiona - senge D.solani - inogona kunyengedzwa kugadzira mishonga inogona kushandiswa kurwisa zvirwere mumiti uye vanhu.
"Tinofanirwa kuvhura kuongororwa kwezvese zviri kunze uko kuti tiwane mishonga mitsva," Matilla akadaro.