Yunivhesiti yeIdaho Extension yakaburitsa nyowani Bulletin kubatsira varimi vembatatisi kuziva zviratidzo zvebhakitiriya ring rot (BRR) uye kudzivirira mashandiro avo kubva kuchirwere chinoparadza chirimwa chembatatisi.
Idaho haisati yave nekuora kwemhete mumakore mashoma uye chirwere chekupedzisira chenyika chekupedzisira chakaitika muna 2012. Nyanzvi yeUI Extension Mbeu yeMbatatisi Kasia Duellman anotarisira kuti bulletin ichayeuchidza varimi vembatatisi vekutengesa nembeu kuti vachengetedze tsika dzakanaka dzehutsanana uye varambe varipo. kungwarira zviratidzo.
Dambudziko riripo kune varimi vembatatisi yembeu
Anoyambira kuora kwemhete kunoparadza zvakanyanya uye kwakaoma kubvisa kana kwangosvika papurazi.
"Rinogona kuve dambudziko riripo kune bhizinesi remurimi wembatatisi kana rikawanikwa papurazi ravo," akadaro Duellman.
Ring rot chirwere chebhakitiriya chinowanikwa mumhodzi chinoramba chiripo mumijenya yembeu mukati mezvizvarwa zvakati wandei zvekudyara zviratidzo zvisati zvabuda.
The bacterium inogadzira biofilm inodzivirira iyo inobvumira kuti irarame pamusoro penzvimbo munzvimbo yakarara kwemakore akati wandei, kazhinji ichisvibisa migodhi mumidziyo yekubata, vanocheka mhodzi, mibhedha yemarori, mabhandi emuchina uye madziro ekuchengetera.
Kuongorora zviratidzo mumhando dzakasiyana
Iyo itsva UI Extension bulletin inopa pfupiso yetsvagiridzo inotsanangura nzira makumi maviri neshanu emhando dzembatatisi dzinoratidza zviratidzo zvekuora mhete munzvimbo mbiri dzakasiyana dzekukura.
Iyo data inobva muongororo yakabudiswa muna June 2019. Chidzidzo ichi chakatungamirirwa naJonathan Whitworth, chiremba wezvekudyara wepathologist ane USDA's Agricultural Research Service, uye akabatanidza Duellman nemamwe masayendisiti kubva kuU of I, Idaho Crop Improvement Association uye North Dakota State University.
Munguva yemwaka miviri yekukura, vatsvakurudzi vakaisa mbeu yemhando imwe neimwe ine ring rot ndokuidyara muIdaho neNorth Dakota.
"Ndakatora data kubva mubhuku iroro ndokurigadzirisa kuita tafura yevashandisi mune ino bulletin," akadaro Duellman. "Mharidzo yekuenda kumba ndeyekuti mhando dzakasiyana dzembatatisi dzinopindura zvakasiyana pakuora kwemhete munzvimbo dzakasiyana."
KuNorth Dakota kudikitira kwezvirimwa internodes kwainyanya kuitika uye kwakaitika kutanga mukukura. Chiratidzo chechidiki chakaonekwa mumhando mbiri chete dzakakura muIdaho. Marginal necrosis yakaitika nguva dzose mumhando dzakasiyana munzvimbo mbiri. Yellow pakati petsinga yakaonekwawo munzvimbo mbiri idzi, sezvaiitwa mureza - mashizha achisvava uye achidonha kubva pamatavi.
Chiratidzo chetuber chekare chekuora kwemhete iringin yevascular yakasakara iyo inobudisa kubuda kwebhakitiriya kwakakora kana yasvinwa. Tubers inogonawo kuratidza kukura kwakatsemuka.
Ring rot inogona kuramba yakanyarara kwenguva yakareba
"Chikonzero chinoita kuti tizvidye moyo zvakanyanya ndechekuti inogona kuenda kuzvizvarwa zvakati wandei zvekuwedzera mbeu tisingazive kuti iripo," akadaro Duellman. "Zviratidzo zvinowanzotora zvizvarwa zvakawanda zvembatatisi iri kuwedzera kukura. Neraki, bvunzo dzedu dzazvino dzekuyedza dzakanyanya kunzwisiswa kupfuura makore gumi apfuura uye dzinogona kuona hutachiona husinganzwisisike. "
Kuora kwemhete kunowanzoita cyclical, kunoitika makore mapfumbamwe ega ega. Varimi vanowanzoita tsika dzakasimba dzehutsanana uye kutevedzera maprotocol akakodzera nguva pfupi mushure mekuputika, nekudaro vachidzora dambudziko. Kazhinji kazhinji, kunyanguvezvo, vangarega kungwarira kwavo zvishoma nezvishoma, vachinyevenutsa miitiro yavo youtsanana mumakore anotevera kuti vagogovera mukana wokuti hosha idzoke.
Mhodzi dzembatatisi dzakasvibiswa
Duellman anofungidzira kuti kumwe kubuda munyika nekufamba kwemakore kungangove kune chekuita nekusvibisa mbeu mbatatisi neringi rot pathogen nekufumura mhodzi ine hutano munzvimbo dzakasvibiswa senge midziyo yekubata, matura, vanocheka mhodzi nemarori.
"Kudzivirirwa kwakapetwa kaviri: kudyara mbeu isina pathogen uye kudzidzira hutsanana hune hutsanana uchiramba wakashinga," akadaro Duellman.
Bulletin inoyambira varimi vekutengesa kuti vashandise mhodzi dzembatatisi uye vadzivise kucheka kana kudyara mbeu ine utachiona. Kana mbeu inofungidzirwa kuti ine mhodzi yakatodyarwa, tarisai kuti mamera sei uye nyatso tora masampuli kuti muongororwe. Scout minda yezviratidzo zvefoliar uye tuber uye endesa chero zviratidzo zvinomera kana machubhu ekuongororwa murabhoritari.
Kana mhete yakaora yakasimbiswa, machubhu haafanire kushandiswa kuita mbeu asi anofanira kutengeswa sembatatisi dzekutanga dzemusika. Rega kuchengeta goho kubva mumunda une tsvina, sezvo mhunga inoora ine ring rot inogona kuita kuti pave nemamiriro ezvinhu akanakira kurasikirwa nekuora kwakapfava.
Sarudzo dzekukohwa munda wakasimbiswa wering rot
Pakubata chirimwa chekutengesa chakatodyarwa uko ring rot yakasimbiswa, pane nzira mbiri dzekukohwa. Mune imwe mamiriro ezvinhu, zvingave zvakanaka kukohwa minda ine mhete yekupedzisira kudzivirira kuparadzira chirwere pamidziyo ine tsvina. Kunonoka kukohwa kunoitawo kuti mbatatisi dzine chirwere ichi dziore mumunda. Muchiitiko ichi, machubhu ane hutachiona anofanirwa kutorwa asati aiswa mudura.
Chechipiri chingava chekukurumidza kukohwa, kune varimi vezvokutengeserana vanokwanisa kuwana musika wekukurumidza. Iyi sarudzo inodzivirira njodzi yekuchengeta mbatatisi ine bacterial ring rot uye zvichizosvibisa nzvimbo dzekuchengetera.
Nzira yechitatu kuparadza zvirimwa mumunda une utachiona nedisc gejo, zvichiita kuti murimi wembatatisi arege kusvibisa mimwe michina yakaoma zvikuru kuchenesa nekuuraya utachiona.
Chirongwa chekupihwa chitupa chembeu yembatatisi yeIdaho chinoda kuyedzwa kwakadzama kwemajenya ekuora mhete. Varimi vanofanira kuendesa sampuli dzinosanganisira mazana mana emachubhu eDNA-based test, uye hapana kushivirira kune chero kuora kwemhete. Muedzo wekuti une positive unobva waita kuti mbeu yese iraswe papurazi. Chirwere ichi chinokonzera kurasikirwa kukuru kwehupfumi kumurimi wembeu yembatatisi nekuti mbeu yacho haichakodzeri kupihwa zvitupa.
Nzira yekuchenesa midziyo uye matura
Bulletin iyi inosanganisira mirairo yekuchenesa nekuuraya utachiona midziyo yembatatisi nenzvimbo dzekuchengetera uye zvinongedzo kune a 2011 Extension bulletin rakanyorwa neUI Extension Potato Storage Nyanzvi Nora Olsen naPhil Nolte, akatangira Duellman.
Bulletin inoyambira varimi kuti vanyatsogeza midziyo yekubvisa tsvina. Vanofanira kuzoisa mushonga wekuuraya utachiona, vachibvumira kuti irambe ichisangana nepamusoro kwemaminetsi angangoita gumi.
Kunobva: https://www.potatonewstoday.com