Mumusha mudiki muNyandurua, kusiri kure neAberdare Sango, varimi vakawanda vembatatisi vanovanda pasi petende kunodzivirira kutonhora kunoruma kuchidzika kubva mumakomo sezvavanotevera zvidzidzo zvekurima mbatatisi.
Kuratidzira uku kuri kuitwa kupurazi raFrancis Giteru, murimi wemapatatisi madiki kuGathara Village, uyo anga achirima chirimwa ichi kwemakore makumi maviri apfuura.
Patakasangana naVaGiteru kupurazi kwavo, vari kuputira mbeu dzembatatisi mumapepa ebrown akagadzirwa nefibre fiber - mbeu imwe mupepa rega rega - vasati vadyara muvhu.
VaGiteru vanoti varimi vadiki vembatatisi vanosangana nematambudziko ekuwana mbeu dzakachena, nekudaro vanodzigovana kana kuidzokorora, izvo zvinoita kuti zvipfukuto nezvirwere zvipararire kubva kune rimwe purazi kuenda kune rimwe.
Paakatanga kurima mbatatisi mukutanga kwema90s, aigona kukohwa zvirinyore mabhegi zana kubva paeka revhu. Pakati-100s, goho rake rakadonha kusvika kumasaga makumi mana uye ikozvino anongokwanisa chete mabhegi gumi neshanu kusvika gumi nemasere kubva mundima imwechete iyoyo.
"Kunze kwembeu, ivhu rakakura risingabereki uye risingabudise zvirimwa uye tupukanana twakaita sembatatisi cyst nematodes dzakapararirawo," akadaro murimi. VaGiteru vakangoziva kuti purazi ravo rakazara nematematodes gore rapfuura zvichitevera ongororo yakaitwa nevaongorori, sezvo vari tupukanana tudiki kwazvo tusingaonekwe nemaziso asina kudzidza.
"Masayendisiti akaedza ivhu rangu ndokuona riine 25 muzana nematode infestation," anodaro.
Iye ari pakati pezviuru zvevarimi vembatatisi muKenya vanobheja pahunyanzvi hutsva uko mbeu dzakaputirwa mupepa rebhanana fiber iro rakarapwa kugadzirisa chirwere chinouraya chematato cyst nematode pest. Unyanzvi uhu hunomisa mavhu nematodes kubva pakurwisa mhodzi yematato.
Gore rapfuura, vaongorori pasi pechirongwa cheNemAfrica, chinzvimbo chematemology kuInternational Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) uye International Center for Insect Physiology uye Ecology (Icipe), vachinetsekana nekudzikira kwemichero yematapiri muKenya vakaita ongororo mumakumi maviri nemaviri ekurima mbatatisi. mataundi.
Vakaona kuti cyst yematato nematode yaive yakakosha pakuderedza goho rembatatisi. Nyika yeNyandarua ndiyo yakanyanya kubatwa nezvipembenene.
“Takashandisa mapepa ebhanana fiber kwemwaka mumwe uye zvave kubudirira. Takadyara zvikamu zvitatu, mune chimwe chikamu takashandisa machira ekuputira, imwe yacho takashandisa machira anga asina mishonga yekuuraya zvipfukuto asi pachikamu chechitatu hatina kushandisa kupindira, ”vanodaro VaGiteru avo vaive pakati pevarimi vashoma. akasarudzwa kuve chikamu chemutyairi.
Anoti chidimbu chidiki icho chaive chakamonera mhodzi dzembatatisi chakaburitsa makirogiramu makumi mashanu apo chimwe chakabura 50kg.
“Hazvisi nyore kutaura kana zvirimwa zvako zvarwiswa nematodes nekungotarisa tubers kana mashizha ayo. Matinji haaratidze kukuvara kana kushanduka mukuravira, ”anodaro. Asi zvipembenene zvinokanganisa chirimwa chembatatisi, zvichinyanya kudzikisa goho uye saizi yetuber, uye zvichikanganisa mari yevarimi.
Sunga mbatatisi
VaJesse Kamutu, vanorima mbatatisi uye vanogadzira tuber vanobva kuKinangop, vanoti varimi mudunhu vakasiya kurima mbatatisi kune zvimwe zvirimwa nekuda kwekudzikisira goho uye husina kunaka rwezvirimwa.
VaHarrison Mburu, vanobatsira pakutsvagurudza kuITI, vanoti kana matematodes achinge avhurira vana vavo, vanonanga midzi yechirimwa mumasvondo maviri ekutanga mushure mekudyara.
“Vanotora zvinovaka muviri zvakagadzirirwa mbeu. Dzinokanganisa midzi yemidzi zvichikonzera kudzimbikana, uye dzimwe nguva yero yechirimwa, ”anodaro, achiwedzera kuti nguva zhinji kana chirimwa chikadzurwa, munhu haangaone nematodes asi munhu anogona kuona madiki matubhu asina kuumbwa zvakanaka .
Kwemakore, varimi vanga vachishandisa nematicides kudzora tupukanana, asi kushandiswa kwemakemikari kwakarambidzwa nekuda kwekukanganisa kwavo nharaunda.
Izvo zvipukanana zvinounzwa muvhu kuburikidza nemidziyo yepurazi yakagovaniswa nembeu, nekudaro manejimendi akakodzera uye maitiro akanaka anogona kudzikisira tupukanana.
“Kudyara mbeu yakachena muivhu rakazara hakubatsire. Mamatodes anogona kugara muvhu kweanosvika makore makumi matatu. Tinokurudzira varimi kuti vasiye minda yavo kana kutenderedza zvirimwa zvavo kuti vatyore gwara iri, ”vakayambira.
Gwaro rebhanana fiber rakatanga kupihwa varimi mahara kuti vadzidze asi vaongorori vanoti rinozobhadhara semari shoma pavanotangwa zviri pamutemo mumwedzi mishoma inotevera.
Sekutaura kwevaongorori, mamwe marudzi embatatisi akaita seShangi - ayo anonyanya kufarirwa nevarimi vemuno - anogona kubatwa nematodes. Zvinosuruvarisa, varimi vanozeza kudyara dzimwe mhando dzakaita seMoney II neJelly idzo dzinoramba, nekuti Shangi iri kudiwa zvakanyanya.
NemAfrica parizvino iri kuongorora mhando nyowani dzembatatisi dzisingawirirani netupuka twematato (cyst nematode (PCN)).
Mitsara misere mitsva yematata yakatorwa kuScotland yakasvika munaKurume gore rino isati yavimbiswa neKenya Plant Health Inspectorate Service (Kephis) yekudyara uye kuyedza pasi pemamiriro emuno.
Prof Danny Coyne, musayendisiti wezvehutano wevhu kuIITA, anga achitungamira kuedza kuongorora mitsara mitsva anoti kunze kwekuramba kwavo matomatisi cyst nematodes, mitsara yakatarwa yakasarudzwa zvichienderana nehunhu hunodiwa nevarimi vemuno.
"Mitsetse iri kukurumidza kukura uye ine dormancy pfupi, zvinova zvinhu zvakakosha zveShangi, pamwe nekuva negoho rakakwirira zvichienzaniswa nemhando dzazvino dzemuno," vanodaro Prof Coyne.