"Mbatatisi Mujaketi Rayo": Masayendisiti eRussia Anoedza Nyowani Bio-Polymer Nzira Yekurwisa Zvirwere zveFungal
Mukusimudzira kunonakidza indasitiri yembatatisi, vaongorori kubva kuSiberian Federal University (SFU) vakaunza mushonga mutsva usati wadyarwa unogona kushandura nzira yekudzivirira mbatatisi kubva kuzvirwere zvefungal. Iyi nzira yekuvandudza inosanganisira kunyura kana kumwaya machubhu embatatisi ine 1% mhinduro yebiodegradable bio-polymer yakasanganiswa ne azoxystrobin, fungicide inoshanda zvakanyanya. Miedzo yepakutanga yakaratidza mhedzisiro inovimbisa, nekumera kwakanyanya, goho riri nani, nemhando yepamusoro yechigadzirwa.
Dambudziko reFungal Zvirwere muMbatatisi
Mbatatisi inonyanya kushungurudzwa nezvirwere zvakawanda zvinokuvadza zvefungal, kusanganisira Rhizoctonia (inokonzerwa ne Rhizoctonia solani), Alternaria (yakakonzerwa ne Alternaria solani), kunonoka blight (kunokonzerwa ne Phytophthora infestans), uye Fusarium wilt (yakakonzerwa ne fusarium mhando). Utachiona uhu hunonyanya kukuvadza panguva yekumera kwembatatisi, kwaanogona kukonzera kunonoka kumera, kuderera kwekukura, uye kunyange kufa kwechirimwa, zvichikonzera kurasikirwa kukuru kwegoho.
Nzira dzechinyakare dzekurwisa zvirwere izvi dzinowanzobatanidza kurapwa kwemakemikari akawanda mukati memwaka wekukura, zvichikonzera kukwira kwemitengo uye kuwedzera kwezvakatipoteredza. Iyo nzira nyowani yakatsanangurwa nemasainzi eSFU, zvisinei, inoderedza kushandiswa kwemishonga yezvipembenene uku ichipa chengetedzo yenguva refu.
Mazuva evhiki. Bvisa kunyoresa nekudzvanya kamwe chete.
Iyo Bio-Polymer Method Inoshanda sei
Kurapa kwakagadzirwa neSFU's biotechnology timu inogadzira yakatetepa, hydrophobic yekudzivirira firimu yakatenderedza mhodzi yembatatisi. Iyi polymer-based layer inobvumira kutenderera kwemhepo uku ichidzivirira "microgreenhouse" mhedzisiro, inogona kukanganisa tuber. Kubatsira kwakakosha kweiyi nzira ndeyekuti iyo polima inoburitsa zvishoma nezvishoma fungicide muvhu sezvainoshatisa pasi pechiito chebhakitiriya revhu, ichipa kuchengetedzwa kunoramba kuripo panguva yekumera uye yekutanga kukura.
Sekureva kwaProfessor Svetlana Prudnikova, anotungamira muongorori wepurojekiti, iyo bio-polymer mhinduro inoburitsa azoxystrobin nenzira yakadzora, kuve nechokwadi chekuti midzi yembatatisi inoramba yakachengetedzwa mumatanho ekutanga akakosha ebudiriro. Izvi zvinoderedza kudiwa kwekudzokororwa kushandiswa kwefungicide panguva yekukura.
Mabhenefiti Ezvakatipoteredza uye Zveupfumi
Iyi nzira itsva inopa zvakati wandei zvakanakira pane zvakajairwa fungicide kurapwa. Chinonyanya kukosha ndechekudzikiswa kwehuwandu hwemakemikari anodiwa, sezvo kungoita kumwe chete kwebio-polymer kunodiwa usati wadyara. Iyo inodzorwa kuburitswa kwefungicide inovimbisa kuchengetedzwa nguva dzose pasina kudiwa kwekuwedzera kurapwa panguva yekukura.
Uyezve, iyo biodegradable polymer pachayo haina kutyisidzira kune zvakatipoteredza. Inoputsika mumvura uye carbon dioxide kuburikidza nekuita kwebhakitiriya yevhu rekuzvarwa, maitiro akaedzwa kweanopfuura makore gumi pasina migumisiro inokuvadza. Izvi zvinoita kuti nzira yacho ive yehushamwari uye yakagadzikana.
Panyaya yehupfumi, nzira iyi yakaratidza kuwedzera kwegoho rembatatisi nematani angangoita 5.6 pahekita. Nekugona kwekugadzirwa kwakawanda kweiyo bio-polymer, nzira iyi inogona kuyerwa kubatsira mabhizinesi makuru ekurima nevarimi vadiki zvakafanana.
Kuwedzera Zvikumbiro Zvekurima
Kusiyana-siyana kweiyi nzira itsva nderimwe simba rinokosha. Pamusoro pekudzivirira kubva kune fungal pathogens, iyo bio-polymer inogona kuchinjirwa kutakura mishonga inouraya zvipembenene, ichipa nzira itsva yekutarisira zvipembenene. Vatsvagiri vari kutoongorora mashandisiro angangoita tekinoroji iyi kudzora zvipembenene zvinokanganisa mbatatisi nezvimwe zvirimwa, zvichipa mhinduro yakabatana uye inoenderera mberi yekutonga tupukanana.
Iyo yekuvandudza pre-kudyara kurapwa kwembatatisi yakagadziriswa nevatsvagiri veSFU ibudiriro huru mukurima biotechnology. Iyo haingope chete mhinduro yakagadzikana uye inodhura-inoshanda kudambudziko rinoramba riripo rezvirwere zvefungal asi zvakare rinoratidza kugona kwekushandisa kwakawanda mukutonga kwezvipembenene nezvirwere. Iyi nzira inovimbisa kuwedzera goho rembatatisi, kuderedza kushandiswa kwemakemikari, uye kubatsira mukurima kwakasimba. Sezvo tsvakiridzo ichienderera mberi, ramangwana rekuchengetedzwa kwezvirimwa rinogona kushandurwa neiyi tekinoroji ine hushamwari, yepamusoro-soro yebio-polymer tekinoroji.
