Kufunga patsva certification yembeu yembatatisi Vision 2026: kuenda kune inorima-yakatarisana system

(Cherechedza: Iyi ndiyo yekutanga yezvikamu zviviri zvakatevedzana paChiratidzo 2026 chirongwa chekutarisa patsva nezvembeu yembatatisi certification system.)

Kushingirira kwemurairidzi wechirimwa kubatsira varimi vembeu dzembatatisi uye kutenda kuti pakanga paine nzira inokurumidza uye irinani yekuwana ruzivo rwehutano hwembeu kwakapa mamiriro akakwana kune vanoongorora kubva kuUSDA-ARS (Ithaca, New York) neColorado State University (CSU) makore gumi-yakareba lab-yakavakirwa basa mukushandiswa chaiko kwenyika. Sezvineiwo, iyi nhanho inotungamirwa nevatori yakabatana zvakanaka neNational Potato Council's Vision 2026, boka rakapihwa basa rekuziva nekushandisa maturusi matsva anowanikwa kugadzira mbatatisi dzemhando yepamusoro kuzadzisa zvinodiwa nevatengi sezvo miganho ichiwedzera.  

A system ine nhoroondo inodarika zana rekare 

Certification yembeu yembatatisi muUS ine nhoroondo yekudzivirira hutano hwembatatisi kubva 1913. Masangano ezvitupa nevatsvaguri vakaona kuti utachiona hupi hwakakosha, vakagadzira bvunzo dzemamorekuru dzinenge dziine hutachiona hunokanganisa kugadzirwa kwembatatisi dzeUS, uye vakagadzira samples yakakodzera uye mazinga ekushivirira. kune zvirwere zvinokonzerwa ne-tuber. 

Current seed potato certification relies primarily on visual inspection of potato fields during the growing season followed by postharvest grow outs for detecting viruses, such as PVY. Collectively, the 16 state-level seed potato certification programs evaluate 100,000 acres in the summer and further sample over a million tubers from those fields annually to evaluate the health of seed lots in winter testing systems.

Inoda kugadzirisa mamiriro ezvinhu 

Saka, kana zvinhu zvose zviripo, mumwe angave achishamisika kana pane chido chekudzokazve nzira dzemazuva ano. Zvakanaka, kuramba uchivimba nezviratidzo zvinoonekwa zvakapa chimiro chekusarudza kudzvanywa kwemhando dzepathogen dzinoshaya zviratidzo zvinoonekwa zviri nyore. Pamusoro pezvo, kufamba kwepasi rose kwegermplasm ndiko kune basa rekuunza uye kuparadzira mamwe hutachiona huchiri kubuda hutsva kana kuchinjwa sezvo certification yembeu yakatanga kuitwa. Utachiona huzhinji hutsva, senge mbatatisi mop-top hutachiona uye fodya rattle hutachiona hunogona kukonzera kurambwa kweprocessor kubva kune hurema hwemukati, hahunzwisiswe. Utachiona hutsva uhu hunogona kuratidza zviratidzo zvefoliar zvakasiyana zvichienderana nemamiriro ekunze, mbeu yembatatisi, uye latitude uye mamwe haawanzokonzeresa chero zviratidzo zvefoliar. 

Nguva yekuita sarudzo dzakakosha dzebhizinesi 

Kunyanya kukosha, masangano ekupa zvitupa mbatatisi anowanzo kupa zvitupa kuvarimi mwedzi mina mushure mekukohwa machubhu. Izvi zvinosanganisira kuunganidza machubhu emuenzaniso, kutyora kemikari tuber dormancy, kutumira zviuru zvemapaunzi emachubhu kunzvimbo dzechando dzinokura dzakaita seHawaii neFlorida, kutora mashizha emuzambiringa, kuyedzwa nekupa mhinduro kuvarimi. Panguva ino kunonoka kunoganhurira murimi wembeu yembatatisi uye kugona kwemutengi wembeu kuita sarudzo dzakasimba dzekutungamira bhizinesi sezvavanomirira mhedzisiro yembeu inosarudza kuti mbeu inogona kutengeswa sembeu yakasimbiswa here kana kuti kwete.  

Kupa kuzvipira kune angangove mutengi wembatatisi yembeu, murimi wembeu yembatatisi anofanira kukwanisa kuwana zvitupa zvechitupa nekukasika. Imwe nzira yekukunda bhodhoro iri kushandisa PCR kuyedza (yakafanana neyeSARS-CoV-2 hutachiona bvunzo) pamachubhu achangobva kukohwewa anogona kunatsiridza kuonekwa kwepathogen uku ichipa mhedzisiro yekukurumidzira kuvarimi. 

Izvi zvine musoro kuna Don Sklarczyk, uyo ane basa rekuongorora maindasitiri anodikanwa volunteer sachigaro weNational Potato Council's seed potato health initiative Vision 2026 Committee. Sklarczyk pachake, muvambi wekugadzira mbatatisi muma1980s paSklarczyk Mbeu Farm, Michigan, akafamba pakati pehupfumi hwekugadzirwa kwakanaka achipikisa njodzi/kubatsirika kwenzira itsva uye chiitiko ichi chakaita kuti Don asarudze kubatanidza mapoka aitsvaga. nzira itsva dzekuita zvinhu.

Izvozvo zvakatanga sei 

Zvakatanga murabhoritari yaStewart Grey's (akarega USDA-ARS) sechikumbiro che "kutsvaga nzira yekuyedza machubhu evhairasi yembatatisi uye tikwanise kuvayedza negumi dzakasiyana siyana dzematunhu uye masangano ezvitupa. Kuongororwa kwetuber pachikero chinodiwa kuti pave nechiyero chembeu inogona kuva chiyero chesimba remunhu nekuti zvinoda 10,000 machubhu akaunganidzwa zvisina tsarukano kufanoziva kuti huwandu hwechirwere hunotenderwa mumunda wese here. 

Asi iwe unoedza sei machubhu nezviuru? Grey's lab yakagadzirisa tekinoroji yechiitiko chemapurisa nekuvandudzwa kweiyo yakagadziridzwa vhezheni yeWhatman FTA Makadhi akajairika mukuyedzwa kwevanhu. Iyi nzira itsva yakapa nzira yakachengeteka uye yakavimbika yekuunganidza, kutakura uye kuchengeta mbatatisi DNA pamhepo tembiricha. Iyi nzira zvakare yakabvisa kukosha kwekutumira machubhu anorema akavharwa netsvina kumarabhoritari ekuyedza. Kupfuurirazve, vakagadzira ma molecular assays ekugadzirisa hukuru uye vakafunga mhando yesampuli inofanirwa kutorwa kubva ku tuber kuti ive nezvinogamuchirwa statistical odd kuona mamiriro echokwadi ehutachiona. Zvino sezvo nzira dzakagadzirwa, nhanho inotevera ine musoro yaive yekuisa nzira idzi mumashandisirwo epasirese. 

Maoko mazhinji anoita kuti basa rive nyore 

Kudzidza nezvetsvagiridzo yaGrey, murimi wembeu anofambira mberi anofarira kudzidza zvakawanda nezvembeu yembatatisi yepurazi rake vakabatana neUSDA-ARS uye CSU vaongorori ndokupa purazi rake, basa, uye chirimwa chembeu senzvimbo yekuyedza yekushandira pamwe papurazi. Muna Gumiguru 2020, murimi akapa vashandi vake vepamunda kwemazuva maviri ebasa rakabhadharwa kuti vatore sampling yetuber - kubata machubhu chiri chimwe chezvipingamupinyi pakuongororwa kwema molecular lab. 

Vashandi vakadzidziswa panzvimbo yekuisa tuber samples pamakadhi eFTA akatumirwa kune USDA-ARS lab yekuongorora yakadzika panzvimbo yekutumira machubhu. Mukudzoka, murimi akawana mukana wekukwikwidza nemhedzisiro yekutanga pamusoro pembeu dzake muna Mbudzi kana zvichienzaniswa nechiyero chiripo chaFebruary mhedzisiro kubva mumwaka wechando. 

Zvakadzidzwa

Collectively, the team gained valuable insight that this project has some “how to” components that must be addressed for scalability. When the results were presented to the seed grower cooperator, there was a discussion that supported the need for a larger dataset involving cooperators from different states and seed lots so data with higher confidence could be obtained. The experiment has been repeated with 2021 harvested seed lots and additional seed growers from Idaho, Colorado, Nebraska and Washington. Those growers had all received their own confidential seed test results for PVY, PMTV and TRV by Nov. 18 this year and are awaiting the results from grow-out tests of those tubers for comparison.

Pamhene 

Chirongwa cheNPC Vision 2026 chinovavarira kubvumidza indasitiri yembatatisi kushandisa yazvino-yepamusoro-yekuyedza tekinoroji, imwe yakagadziridzwa nekuda kwehutachiona hweSARS-CoV-2 uye zvakasiyana. Vision 2026 nhengo dziri kushingaira kutsvaga shamwari kuti dzidaro. Ichi chirongwa chinofambiswa nemurimi wembeu chekugadzira purazi uye modhi yerabhoritari yekutorwa kweyekutengesa mbatatisi yakakwira PCR-yakavakirwa mbatatisi uye kuona uye kudzikisira zvipingamupinyi zvekutorwa kwenzira iyi pamwe ndizvo zvaifungwa neNPC. 

Kutora mukana kwemurimi wembeu yembatatisi mupurojekiti iyi kunosundwa netarisiro yekuwana mhedzisiro nekukurumidza kupfuura zvakajairwa munguva yechando kunotarisirwa kuwedzera kugamuchirwa kweiyi nzira itsva neindasitiri yembatatisi muUS Neimwe nzira, kushandura kune yakakwira mamolecular-based diagnostics. pamwe chete inopa indasitiri yembatatisi nekukurumidza, kwakanyatso dhata rehutano hwembeu, iyo inofanirwa kuvandudza mhando yeramangwana uye netarisiro inovandudza kutengeserana kwezvirimwa zvekutengesa. 

Tiri kuenderera mberi nekuchenjerera, zvisinei. Iyi nzira yemakore gumi-yakareba inotungamirwa nevarimi yekuvandudza uye kuunza nzira iyi kusvika pachiyero inofanira kuchenjerera kuwedzeredza kudzora uye kuongororwa zvakanyanya kwembeu mbatatisi, zvese izvi zvichibvumira kuchinjika kupindura kuzvirwere zviri kubuda.

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